Math & Engineering Economy Practice Exam Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards based on the Math and Engineering Economy general evaluation exam, covering units, physics formulas, geometry terms, electrical laws, and economic concepts.

Standard acceleration due to gravity (English units)

$$32.2\,fps^2$$

Specific Weight ($\gamma$)

The product of density ($\rho$) and gravity ($g$), given by the formula $\gamma = \rho g$.

Specific Volume ($v$)

The reciprocal of density, defined as $v = \frac{1}{\rho}$.

Rate of Discount ($d$)

The interest deducted in advance, calculated as the difference between the future value ($F$) and present value ($P$) divided by the future value: $d = \frac{F-P}{F}$.

Effective Rate of Interest ($i_e$)

The interest rate that represents the actual rate earned or paid over a year, calculated as $i_e = (1 + \frac{i}{m})^m - 1$.

Work ($W$)

The product of the force component in the direction of displacement and the magnitude of that displacement: $W = F \cos(\theta) \times x$.

Mass of a Hydrogen Atom

The atomic weight divided by Avogadro's number: $\frac{1}{6.02 \times 10^{23}} = 1.66 \times 10^{-24}\,g/atom$.

Arithmetic Mean

The sum of a set of numbers divided by the count of those numbers ($n$).

Root Mean Square (RMS)

The square root of the average of the squares of a set of values: $RMS = \sqrt{\frac{\sum x^2}{n}}$.

Voltage ($V$)

The energy required to move $1\,Coulomb$ of charge through an element, defined as $V = \frac{dw}{dq}$.

Fibonacci Number

A number sequence where each succeeding term is obtained by adding the last pair of preceding terms.

Kirchhoff's Current Law

States that the algebraic sum of currents entering a node (or a closed boundary) is zero.

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

States that the algebraic sum of all voltages around a closed path (or loop) is zero.

Point of Inflection

A point on a curve where the concavity changes or where the second derivative of the function equals zero ($f''(x) = 0$).

Transverse Axis

The axis of a hyperbola that passes through the center, the foci, and the vertices.

Irrational Number

A number that cannot be expressed as a quotient of two integers.

Abscissa

The distance of a point from the $y$-axis.

Duodecimal

A number system expressed in place-value notation with base 12.

Euclid

The individual recognized as the father of plane geometry.

Ambiguous Case

A situation in solving a plane triangle where the given data leads to two different solutions.

Convex Polygon

A type of polygon in which each interior angle is less than or equal to $180^\circ$ and all vertices point outwards.

Deferred Annuity

A series of equal payments occurring at equal intervals where the first payment is made after several periods from the beginning.

Registered Bond

A bond where the corporation records the owner's name and pays interest periodically without the owner having to ask for it.

Myriagon

A polygon consisting of $10,000$ sides.

Cevian

Any line segment joining a vertex of a triangle to a point on the opposite side.

Torus

A ring-shaped surface or solid obtained by rotating a circle about a coplanar line that does not intersect it.

Break Even Point

The output or sales level at which income is insufficient to cover operating costs (total revenue equals total cost).

Salvage Value

An estimate of an asset's net market value at the end of its estimated useful life.

Depletion

The reduction in the value of an asset due to a decrease in the quantity available, such as coal, oil, or timber.

Escalatory Clause

A contract provision that indicates possible adjustments for material and labor costs.

Appraisal

The process of determining the value of certain property for specific reasons.

Monopsony

A market condition where there is only one buyer of an item for which there are no good substitutes.

Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)

The order quantity that minimizes total inventory costs per unit time, calculated as $\sqrt{\frac{2aK}{h}}$.

Oxidation

A chemical reaction in which a substance loses electrons.

Isomers

Molecules that possess the same chemical composition but different atomic arrangements.

Valence Electrons

The electrons located in the outermost shell of an atom.

Van der Waals Forces

Weak secondary attractive forces that exist between molecules.

Debenture Bond

A type of bond that is not backed by security other than the issuing corporation's promise to pay.

Dyne

The amount of net force required to give a mass of $1\,gram$ an acceleration of $1\,cm/s^2$.

Explementary Angles

Two angles whose sum equals $360^\circ$.

Tesla ($T$)

The SI unit used to measure magnetic induction.

Pole Pitch

The periphery of an armature divided by the number of poles, representing the space on the stator allocated to one pole.

Scalene Triangle

A triangle in which all three sides have unequal lengths.

Mil (Length)

A unit of length equal to one-thousandth of an inch.