Social construction

Master status

A social characteristic that becomes especially important in shaping now a person is perceived and treated by others often influencing other aspects of their social identity

Colonialism

occurs when a foreign power invades a territory and establishes enduring systems of exploitation and domination over that territory’s indigenous populations

Indentured servitude

Temporary labor obligation in exchange for something

Chattel slavery

People legally treated as property typically for life and with status potentially passed to children

Bacons rebellion

Uprising by colonist, including poor farmers and laborers, against Virginia’s government. It increased the elites concerns about class conflict, and labor control.

Virginia slave codes

Laws that formally strengthened racial, hereditary chattel slavery in Virginia and restricted the rights of enslaved Africans

Both are part of the development of a Racialized system of slavery in colonial Virginia

How is Bacons rebellion and the Virginia slave codes related to chattel slavery?

Hypodescent

The practice of assigning a person with mixed racial ancestry to the socially subordinate racial group

One Drop rule

In US history, the idea that a person with any known black ancestry was considered black

plessy vs Ferguson

Whether Louisiana could legally require separate railroad cars for black-and-white passengers. Help legitimize Jim Crow segregation for decades. Established Separate but equal.

Susie Guillory Phipps case

challenged The racial classification and tried to have her records changed to white, but Lost in court demonstrating the use of hypodescent in law with the 1/32 black ancestry. demonstrated how race is socially, and legally constructed

The page law

Used to racially exclude and control Asian immigrants by restricting immigration of Chinese woman by requiring officials to screen immigrants for prostitution and other prohibited activities. This was so Asian woman couldn’t have their babies born on US soil to become natural citizens.

Overt discrimination

Direct and intentional unequal treatment of a person or group based on characteristics, such as race, gender, or ethnicity

Covert discrimination

Hidden or indirect discrimination, that is less obvious than overt discrimination, more typically seen through institutions

Microassult

Explicit intentional, discriminatory or racist, comments, or actions often expressed and subtle ways

Microinsults

Settle comments or behaviors that communicate, disrespect or negative stereotypes about someone’s race

Microinvalidations

Comments or actions that dismissed deny or minimize someone’s racial experiences or identity

Intersectionality

A person can experience both privilege and disadvantage At the same time

Racial optimist view

Positive changes in white people’s attitudes about race

Racial pesoptimist view

White peoples racial attitudes reflect both progress and resistance

Symbolic racism view

White people’s racial attitudes reflect a blend of anti-black effect and traditional American moral values. they may believe race inequality is caused by people not working hard enough, rather than by racism or discrimination

Sense of group position view

White prejudice is an ideology that defends white privilege. some white people may oppose racial Equality when they feel it threatens There groups positions or privileges

New racism

Subtle institutional and ostensibly racial neutral typically seen in more institutions

Colorblind racism

Ideology that explains contemporary racial inequality as the outcome of non-racial dynamics. The treats racial inequality as a result of non-racial factors, such as individual choices or economic conditions

Intergroup conflict theory

Prejudice results from group competition. Competition between groups can create prejudice.

Intergroup contact theory

Interpersonal contact under the right conditions is the most effective way to reduce prejudice between groups

Socialization theory

Prejudice results from societal norms usually taught at a young age

Privilege

A collection of unearned, cultural, political, economic, and Social advantages possessed by members of a Social majority group

Micro aggression

Brief everyday exchanges that send Denigrating messages to certain individuals because of their group membership