MT in Research Test 1 Terms

Historical Research

Research that examines the past to determine what happened

Quasi experiment

Attempts to establish a cause-effect relationship by using criteria other than randomization

Case Study

A qualitative approach that looks at a single case or multiple cases

Qualitative Research

Research that examines phenomena within the
cultural and social context in which it takes place

Correlational

A method of research used to determine
relationships between two or more variables

True experimental

The random assignment of participants to a control group and a treatment group in order to determine causality

Descriptive Research

Research that focuses on providing an accurate
description of a phenomenon

Control Group

A group of test subjects left untreated or unexposed to some procedure and then compared with treated subjects in order to detect differences, if any, between the group outcomes

Control Variable

A variable that is held constant in order to test the
relationship between two or more other variables

Sample

A set of cases drawn from a larger population of cases

Hypothesis

A specific testable supposition about the nature of facts, tentatively advanced as being true

Dependent Variable

A specific concept that is measured in a study and is believed to depend on or be caused by another variable

Generalizability

The ability to draw inferences and conclusions
about the data

Variables

Specific concepts being measured or studied

Independent Variable

A specific concept that is measured in a study and is believed to influence something else

Moderator Variable

A type of Variable that affects the relationship between the dependent and independent variable

Measurement

Assignment of values to objects, events or outcomes

Quantitative Research

Numerical measurements

Qualitative Research

Analysis of themes/labels

Pre-test Post-test Control Group Design

A research design used to measure the effects of a treatment or intervention by comparing participants' responses before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the treatment, utilizing a control group that does not receive the intervention

Post-test Only Design

A research design where participants are only tested on the outcome variables after the treatment or intervention has occurred. This design is used when researchers randomly assign participants to either an experimental group that receives the treatment or a control group that does not

Solomon Four Group Design

A research design that combines both pre-test and post-test measures with two experimental groups and two control groups, allowing for the evaluation of both the treatment effects and the potential impact of pre-testing

Reliability

Consistency in performance

Validity

Accuracy and appropriateness of measurement

Non-directional Hypothesis

A hypothesis that predicts a relationship between variables but does not specify the direction of the effect

Directional Hypothesis

A hypothesis that predicts a specific direction of the relationship between variables, indicating whether one variable will increase or decrease as the other variable changes