03b_-_Energy_Part_III_Notes_-_Cellular_Respiration

What is glycolysis and where does it occur?

Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose into pyruvate, occurring in the cytoplasm.

What is the Krebs cycle?

The Krebs cycle is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA.

What is produced during the Krebs cycle?

The Krebs cycle produces NADH, FADH2, ATP, and carbon dioxide.

What role do enzymes play in cellular respiration?

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up the chemical reactions involved in cellular respiration.

Define phosphorylation.

Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate group to a molecule, which can regulate the function of proteins.

What is fermentation?

Fermentation is an anaerobic process that converts glucose into acids, gases, or alcohol, allowing ATP production without oxygen.

Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces more ATP compared to anaerobic respiration, which occurs without oxygen.

What is mitochondria's role in cellular respiration?

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, where aerobic respiration occurs and ATP is produced.

How does oxygen affect cellular respiration?

Oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, allowing for efficient ATP production.

What is ADP and how is it related to ATP?

ADP (adenosine diphosphate) is a lower-energy molecule that can be converted into ATP through the addition of a phosphate group.