Lab Practical 1: Scientific Method --> Classification

What is the coaxial stage adjustment knobs?

allow precise movement of the slides forward, backward, or sideways on the stage

What is the coarse adjustment knob?

larger inner knob of the coaxial focus knob and is used to raise or lower the stage to bring the specimen into general focus.

What is the fine adjustment knob?

clarifies the focus and increases the detail of a specimen

What is the rheostat?

controls brightness of light source

What is the iris diaphragm?

built into the substage condenser and adjust the amount of light that reaches the specimen

What is a qualitative observation?

an observation of the qualities of the object/subject of interest.

What is a quantitative observation?

a numerical measurement of objects/subject or quantities of objects/subjects

Why did water move out of the cell after you added salt water?

due to osmosis with the salt water being hypertonic and the inside of the cell being hypotonic

What structure became visible once you added the salt water?

cell membrane

What is the Linnaean Classification system?

organizes life into taxa based on morphological similarities

What is Cladistics?

organizes life into supergroups and clades based on evolutionary relationships and common descent

What are the components of binomial nomenclature?

Genus Species name

What is a cladogram?

to show how clades branch off from common ancestors

What is protists?

they are polyphyletic and is a complicated catch-all term for eukaryotic organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi

What is polyphyletic?

they have multiple possible common ancestors

What is monophyletic?

they have a single common ancestor