Practical Research 2: Statement of the Problem and Hypothesis

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers the fundamental components of the Statement of the Problem and Hypothesis in Practical Research 2, including structural parts, types of research questions, and the characteristics of hypotheses.

Statement of the Problem

A precise discussion of the well-targeted topic and issue that concisely addresses the question: "What is the problem that the research will address?"

Hypothesis

A tentative representation of possible results that is statistically structured and significant, often used to attempt to predict the outcome of a research or experiment.

Introduction (Introductory Statement)

The part of the Statement of the Problem that describes the presentation of the research questions and research purpose.

Major Question

The central inquiry of the research which must be stated parallel with the research title.

Supporting Research Questions

Specific instances of the problem that must be investigated in a research study to provide substantial research theories.

Research Purpose

A statement of "why" the study is being conducted and the goal in achieving a set of research results.

Research Problem

A statement about an area of concern, a condition to be improved, or a set of ideas that exists.

Research Questions

Focused interrogative statements that translate the research problem into answerable inquiries and follow the S-M-A-R-T criteria.

S-M-A-R-T criteria

The criteria for research questions to be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound.

Factor-Isolating Question

A question that aims to answer a specific category and describe a specific factor, idea, and/or situation.

Factor-Relating Question

A question used in non-experimental research aiming to identify the correlation between variables and how factors affect each other.

Situation-Relating Question

A question used in experimental and non-experimental research to test a hypothesis and determine causality and differences among variables.

Situation-Producing Question

A question that aims to establish the goals of the research for consistent actions and development.

Variable $X$

The notation used to represent the Independent variable in research question formulations.

Variable $Y$

The notation used to represent the Dependent variable in research question formulations.

Null Hypothesis ($H_0$)

A hypothesis that indicates nothingness, similarities, absence of change, or negativity of an instance; it is the form used for hypothesis writing.

Alternative Hypothesis ($H_1$)

A hypothesis that indicates an increase, change, or point of difference and relationship; it represents the true goal of the researchers.