CHEM

What are ionic compounds made of?

Ionic compounds consist of oppositely charged particles called ions, usually a positively charged metal ion and a negatively charged non-metal ion.

What is a cation?

A cation is an ion with a positive charge.

What is an anion?

An anion is an ion with a negative charge.

Why are valence electrons important in ionic bonding?

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom, and they are crucial for bonding because atoms lose or gain these electrons to become stable.

How do we name a binary ionic compound?

To name a binary ionic compound, use the name of the metal ion first, followed by the name of the non-metal ion with an -ide ending.

What suffix is used when naming anions in binary ionic compounds?

The suffix -ide is used for naming anions.

What happens to sodium atoms when they form sodium chloride?

Sodium atoms lose one electron, turning them into positively charged ions.

What is the formula for sodium chloride?

Sodium chloride is represented by the formula NaCl.

What does the prefix in molecular compound names tell us?

The prefix indicates how many atoms of each element are in the molecule.

What is a multivalent metal?

A multivalent metal can form more than one type of ion with different positive charges.

How do you find out the ratio of ions in a binary ionic compound?

You find the ratio by ensuring that the total positive and negative charges equal zero.

Why do we write chemical formulas for compounds?

Chemical formulas show the types and number of atoms present in a compound.

What is a molecule?

A molecule is a neutral particle made of two or more atoms bonded together.

What characterizes covalent compounds?

Covalent compounds are formed when atoms share electrons to create bonds.

How do ionic and covalent compounds differ?

Ionic compounds form through electron transfer and usually are solid with high melting points, while covalent compounds share electrons and typically have lower melting points.

What does a catalyst do in a chemical reaction?

A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up.

What is pH?

pH measures how acidic or basic a solution is based on the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+).

What is a neutralization reaction?

A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid and a base react, producing water and a salt.

How is the strength of an acid determined?

The strength of an acid is based on how many hydrogen ions (H+) it produces in a solution.

What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

This law states that in a chemical reaction, matter cannot be created or destroyed.

What is the role of valence electrons in forming compounds?

Valence electrons are involved in forming chemical bonds and determine which elements will combine with others.

What is a binary molecular compound?

A binary molecular compound consists of two different non-metal elements bonded together.