PD 856 Chapter 18 (Refuse Disposal)

Refuse or solid waste

All organic and inorganic non-liquid, and non-gaseous portions of the total waste mass. It consists of all putrescible and non-putrescible solid materials except for body waste

Chemical waste

Comprises of discarded solid, liquid and gaseous chemicals. It is considered to be hazardous when it is toxic, corrosive (acids of pH<2 and bases of pH>12), flammable, reactive (explosive, water reactive, shock sensitive), or genotoxic (carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic or otherwise capable of altering genetic material). It is considered no-hazardous if it consists of chemicals other than those described above

General waste

Domestic type of waste and other waste materials or substances that do not require special handling

Hazardous waste

Any waste that is potentially dangerous to environment and health because of chemical reactivity, flammability, and explosiveness

Pathological waste

Includes tissues, organs, or body parts from surgical operations, biopsy and autopsy, remains, aborted fetuses and animal carcasses, and blood and body fluid

Infectious waste

Includes cultures and stocks of infectious agents from laboratory work, waste from surgery and autopsies of patients with infectious diseases, waste from infected patients in isolation wards, waste from potentially infectious cases, waste that has been in contact with infected patients undergoing hemodialysis and waste that has been in contact with animals inoculated with an infectious agent or suffering from an infectious disease

Pharmaceutical waste

Includes spoiled, spilled, banned, expired, contaminated or used pharmaceutical products, drugs and chemicals that are to be discarded because they are no longer necessary

Radioactive waste

Waste contaminated with radioactivity generated from hospital nuclear medicine section, research institution, nuclear plant, radioactive implant, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and the paraphernalia used

Agricultural waste

Waste generated from planting or harvesting of crops, trimming or prawning of plants and wastes or run off materials from farms of or fields

Recyclable waste

Any waste material that can be retrieved and re-used as feeds, factory returnable, fuel, fermentable, fine crafts or filling materials

Biodegradable waste

any material that can be reduced into finer particles (degraded or decomposed) by micro-biological organisms or enzymes

Non-biodegradable waste

Refers to non-compostable/non-putrescible waste

Ashe

The residue from the burning of wood, coal, or other solid combustible material

Commercial refuse

Refuse resulting from the use, or occupation of any commercial or business establishments or premises where any business of work is carried out, other than a manufacturing process

Domestic refuse

Refuse from household, as distinguished from industrial, commercial and institutional waste

Garbage

Refers to the wastes or rejected food constituents which have been produced during the preparation, cooking or storage of meat, fruit, vegetables, and other food materials

Garden refuse

Waste from cutting or loping of grasses, trees, bushes, shrubs, flowers, seeds, or other similar materials

Industrial refuse

Solid waste resulting from industrial processes and manufacturing operations, such as food processing wastes, boiler house cinders, wood, plastic, and metal scraps and shavings and other similar wastes

Night soil

Any refuse material composed wholly or partly of human excrement and shall include the extracted contents from privies, privy vaults, latrines, septic tanks, casspool’s’, sanitary sewage grit chambers, screens or racks, grease traps, raw sewage sludge, and other such materials retaining the characteristics of human excrement, provided that properly digested and dried sewage sludge from public sewage treatment plant shall not be included

Offal

The by-products, organs, glands and tissues other than meat of the food animal which may or may not be edible

Pressurized can or container

Includes innocuous or inert gas and aerosol can or container that may explode when incinerated or accidentally punctured

Rubbish

Refers to the non-putrescible solid waste constituents and includes such items as papers, tin cans, glass, wood, bottles, broken glass, cardboard, plastics, yard cuttings, discarded porcelain wares, pieces of metals and other wrapping materials

Sharps

Include needles, syringes, scalpels, saws, blades, broken glass, nails and any other items that can cause a cut or puncture

Swill

Includes that particular garbage which is wholly or nearly so, edible and usable as a food and having food value for animals or fowls, accumulating from animal, vegetable or other matter wasted from households or other food establishments

Composting

A process of biological degradation under controlled conditions; the processing of biodegradable waste such as food waste, garden waste, animal waste, human waste into soil conditioner/enhancer or humus by mixing them with soil, water, biological additives or activators and air

• Aerobic Composting

• Anaerobic Composting

Two types of Composting:

Aerobic composting

Decomposition of organic matter in the presence of oxygen with a range temperature beyond 60˚C for a certain length of time

Anaerobic composting

Decomposition of organic matter in the absence of oxygen

Contamination

The presence of pathogenic organisms, suspended air emissions, heavy metals, chemicals and other pollutants in an inanimate article or substance

Disposal area

Any site, location, tract of land, or structure used or intended to be used for refuse disposal

Open dumpsite

A site used for the disposal of refuse where waste is exposed in the open

Sanitary landfill

A land disposal site employing an engineered method of disposing solid wastes in thin layers, compacting the solid wastes to the smallest practical volume, and applying cover material at the end of each operating day

Ecological waste management

A method of handling wastes that facilitates their sanitary retrieval, reuse or recycling without degrading the environment nor polluting air, water and soil

Incineration

The controlled process by which combustible wastes are burned and changed into gases and residues that contain little or no combustible material

Junk dealer

Any person, firm, agency, or entity engaged in the collection, transportation, sorting, segregation, storing, exchange or sale of waste matter or rubbish, or of any old, used or secondhand materials of any kind, including cloth, rags, paper, bottle, rubber, iron, brass, copper, or other metal, furniture, used motor vehicle or parts thereof, or of any other article which from its worn condition renders it practically useless for the purpose for which it was made and which is commonly classified as junk

Resource recovery

The extraction of materials or energy from wastes

Refuse or solid waste disposal

Complete final discarding of waste materials that cannot be reused and recycled

Refuse or solid waste management

An integrated system, approach or process on the generation, segregation, storage, collection, transport, processing, recycling, recovery and final disposal/containment of solid waste

Scavenger

A person engaged in the business of collection, recovery and transportation of recyclable refuse by specific hire or contract with another individual, firm, corporation, public agency or institution and does not include public agency include responsible by law for the collection of refuse in a given jurisdiction