haile chapter 15: The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from Lecture 15 on the chromosomal basis of inheritance.

Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

The theory that chromosomes are the basis of genetic inheritance.

Linked Genes

Genes that are located near each other on the same chromosome and tend to be inherited together.

Sex Chromosomes

A pair of chromosomes that determine biological sex, with one allele inherited from each parent.

X-Inactivation

Process where one X chromosome in each female somatic cell is randomly inactivated.

Aneuploidy

The presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a zygote, such as monosomy or trisomy.

Genomic Imprinting

An epigenetic phenomenon where variations in traits depend on whether the allele is inherited from the male or female parent.

Drosophila melanogaster

Commonly known as the fruit fly, a model organism in genetic research due to its short life cycle and simple genetics.

Sex-linked Genes

Any gene located on a sex chromosome, including X-linked and Y-linked genes.

Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY)

A condition in biological males who receive an extra X chromosome, leading to various symptoms including underdeveloped sex organs.

Cri Du Chat Syndrome

A genetic disorder caused by partial deletion of chromosome 5, characterized by distinctive facial features and delayed development.