Science Unit 4 Study Guide

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16 Terms

1

Frequency (f)

The number of complete wave cycles that pass a fixed point in a unit of time, measured in Hertz (Hz).

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2

Wavelength (λ)

The distance between two consecutive points that are in phase on a wave, such as crest to crest or trough to trough, measured in meters (m).

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3

Period (T)

The time taken for one complete wave cycle to pass a given point, measured in seconds (s).

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4

Wave Speed (v)

The rate at which a wave travels through the medium, measured in meters per second (m/s).

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5

Amplitude (A)

The maximum displacement of points on a wave from their rest position, indicating energy level, measured in meters.

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6

Transverse Wave

A wave where the particles in the medium move perpendicularly to the direction of the wave propagation.

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7

Longitudinal Wave

A wave where the particles in the medium move parallel to the direction of the wave propagation.

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8

Compression

An area in a longitudinal wave where particles are pushed together, resulting in higher pressure.

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9

Rarefaction

An area in a longitudinal wave where particles are spread apart, resulting in lower pressure.

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10

The relationship between amplitude and volume

Volume is related to the amplitude of a sound wave; larger amplitudes correspond to louder sounds.

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11

The relationship between pitch and frequency

Pitch is related to frequency; higher frequencies correspond to higher pitches, and frequency is inversely related to wavelength.

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12

Formula for speed of a wave

v = fλ, where v is wave speed, f is frequency, and λ is wavelength.

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13

Relationship between frequency and period

Frequency (f) is the reciprocal of period (T); f = 1/T and T = 1/f.

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14

Medium

The matter that waves travel through; sound cannot travel through a vacuum.

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15

Characteristics of sound

Sound can be described by loudness (amplitude) and pitch (frequency).

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16

How sound travels

Sound travels as a longitudinal wave where particles vibrate in the same direction as the wave.

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