Bio test dna replication notes

WHAT does the DNA Helicase do?

an enzyme that unwinds the Dna double helix structure

WHAT are single stranded binding proteins job?

Their job is to coat the newly seperated strands of DNA or RNA to prevent them from rejoining, and protecting them from degradation by nucleuses

HOW does DNA Polymerase contribute to dna replication ?

It removes strands of RNA PRIMER and replaces it with DNA NUCLEOTIDES.

EXPLAIN DNA Ligase.

It joins the new single strands of DNA together,

WHAT enzyme corrects typos in DNA , repairs mismatched bases, and removes abnormal bases

DNA Polymerase

WHAT shape does the replication fork resemble?

A y.

HOW do DNA polymerase and and primase work together?

Primase synthesizes short RNA sequences, called primers, to provide a starting point for DNA polymerase, since it can only add on to an existing strands.

HOW do tye leading and lagging strand differ?

The leading strand is complementary to the parental DNA strand, and it synthesizes continuously towards the replication fork. The lagging strand synthesizes discontinuously in short segments away from the replication fork.

WHAT is the direction that the leading strand replicates

It replicates from 5’ to 3’.

WHAT are the short segments that the lagging strand synthesizes called

Okazaki Fragments

WHAT does DNA consist of?

It consists of two strands of nucleotides bonded together to form a double helix structure. The sides if the ladder are made of alternating deoxyribose and phosphate molecules.

WHAT are nitrogen bases held together with?

Hydrogen bonds

The function of DNA is…..

the code for cellular function