New Spain

Frontispiece of Codex Mendoza

 1541-42 

Ink and color on paper 

Patron: Viceroyalty of New Spain 

Spanish used many symbols to display important cultures 

There is a mix of European and cultural ideas/concepts 

Codex includes the record of life

Tenochtitian- aztec capital 

Blue represents water

Codex was stolen by pirates 

Archangel with Gun, Asiel Timor Dei

17th century 

Artist: Master of Calamarca 

Oil on canvas and gilding 

Viceroyalty in Peru 

Militaristic 

Grand, dramatic, detailed clothing: obvious European concepts 

There is a mix of European and Inkan royalty aspects

Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and Hunting Scene

1697-1701 

Tempera and resin on wood, shell inlay 

Purpose: Room divider and for decoration  

Circle of the Gonzales Family 

Patron: Viceroy of New Spain

War side: yellow, red, orange colors, lot’s of gore and brutality, Siege of Belgrade 

Hunting side: green colors, many trees, bushes, plants, etc. 

Byobu: Japanese screens

Biombo: mexican screens 

Japanese techniques: lacquer and inlay

The Virgin of Guadalupe

 16th century 

Basilica of Guadalupe, Mexico City 

Miguel Gonzalez

Oil on canvas on wood 

Context: indigenousman claimed he saw Virgin Mary, Mary talks to him, etc. 

Mix of European religion, mexican art and style

Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo 

1715 

Attributed to Juan Rodriguez Juarez 

Oil on canvas 

Casta paintings: show the wonders of the New World 

Racial taxonomy

Spaniard (man) and Indian (woman) create an offspring (mestizo)

Aristocratic European father (has powdered wig) 

Royal indigenous mother (has cultural dress and lace showing her importance)Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo