CHAPTER 7 MED TERMINOLOGY USF DR. VAN ELSWYK: Nervous System

Idiopathic epilepsy

Epilepsy without a known cause.

Nocturnal epilepsy

Epilepsy similar to grand mal that occurs at night.

Jacksonian seizures

Seizures where contractions start on one side of the body and spread.

Traumatic epilepsy

Epilepsy caused by trauma to the brain, such as from contact sports.

Psychiatry

Branch of medicine dealing with diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illness.

Meninges

Three-layer membrane covering the brain and spinal cord.

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Mental disorder characterized by persistent delusions of persecution and jealousy.

Schizophrenia

Mental disorders including psychotic features and a loss of touch with reality.

Bipolar I

Disorder characterized by manic episodes lasting at least 7 days.

Bipolar II

Disorder with depressive and hypomanic episodes, without full-blown manic episodes.

Cyclothymic Disorder

Mild bipolar variant with depressive and hypomanic symptoms for 1 to 2 years.

Depression

Disorder characterized primarily by a "down" or depressed mood.

Poliomyelitis

Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord.

Hemiplegia

Paralysis affecting only one side of the body.

Paraplegia

Paralysis of the lower trunk of the body and both legs.

Quadriplegia

Paralysis leaving all four limbs paralyzed.

Myringitis

Inflammation of the eardrum.

Macula

Yellow spot in the retina lateral to the optic nerve.

Blepharitis

Inflammation of the eyelid.

Dacryocystitis

Inflammation of the tear sac.

Dacryoadenitis

Inflammation of the tear gland.

Conjunctivitis

Inflammation of the conjunctiva.

Word part: Cerebello-

Little brain.

Word part: Duro-

Hard.

Word part: Glio-

Glue.

Word part: Hystero-

Neurotic reaction (literally uterus).

Word part: Myelo-

Spinal cord.

Word part: Schizo- or Fiss-

Divide or split.

Word part: Encephalo-

Brain.

Word part: Meningo-

Membrane; meninges.

Word part: Neuro-

Nerve.

Meningitis

Inflammation of the meninges.

Encephalitis

Inflammation of the brain.

Monoplegia

Paralysis of a single limb.

Word part: Astro-

Star.

Word part: Phobia-

Fear.

Presbyopia

Impairment of vision due to old age.

Otitis media

Inflammation of the middle ear.

Multiple Sclerosis

Autoimmune disease destroying the myelin sheath of nerves.

Alzheimer's Disease

Progressive mental deterioration characterized by severe memory loss.

Word part: Psycho-

Mind.

Neuritis

Inflammation of a nerve.

Word part: Phren-

Mind or diaphragm.

Word part: -paresis

Slight paralysis or weakness.

Word part: -plegia

Paralysis.

Otitis externa

Inflammation of the outer ear canal.

Myringotomy

Incision into the tympanic membrane.

Astigmatism

Eye defect preventing light from focusing properly on the retina.

Word part: Tympano-

Drum or eardrum.

Word part: Blepharo-

Eyelid.

Word part: Dacryo-

Tear.

Word part: Ophthalmo-

Eye.

Word part: Oto-

Ear.

Hyperopia

Farsightedness; difficulty seeing near objects.

Myopia

Nearsightedness; difficulty seeing distant objects.

Tinnitus

Ringing or buzzing noise in the ears.

Vertigo

Sensation of spinning or dizziness.

Presbycusis

Age-related hearing loss.

Word part: Kerato-

Cornea.

Word part: Salpingo-

Eustachian tube.

Cataract

Clouding of the eye's natural lens.

Glaucoma

Eye condition damaging the optic nerve, often caused by high pressure.

Word part: -phasia

Speech.

Aphasia

Inability to understand or express speech caused by brain damage.

Word part: -acusis

Hearing.

Word part: Lacrimo-

Tear.

Otosclerosis

Hardening of the bony tissue of the middle ear.

Meniere's Disease

Inner ear disorder causing vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss.

Strabismus

Disorder in which the eyes do not look in the same direction.

Word part: Coreo- or Pupillo-

Pupil.

Word part: Myo-

Muscle.

Word part: Sclero-

Hard or sclera.

Word part: Retino-

Retina.

Word part: Audio-

Hearing.

Word part: Cranio-

Skull.

Photophobia

Extreme sensitivity to light.

Nystagmus

Involuntary, rapid, and rhythmic movement of the eyes.

Chalazion

A small lump in the eyelid caused by a blocked gland.

Labyrinthitis

Inflammation of the inner ear.

Neuralgia

Sharp, shocking pain along the path of a nerve.

Word part: Irido-

Iris.

Word part: Myringo-

Tympanic membrane (eardrum).

Word part: Optico-

Eye or vision.

Hordeolum

Acute infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid; a stye.

Diplopia

Double vision.

Hemianopia

Blindness in one-half of the visual field.

Anacusis

Total loss of hearing.

Encephalopathy

Any disease of the brain.

Neurosis

Mild mental illness not caused by organic disease.

Word part: -esthesia

Sensation or feeling.

Word part: -opsia

Vision.

Word part: Phaco-

Lens.

Word part: Somato-

Body.

Microcephaly

Abnormal smallness of the head.

Narcolepsy

Neurological disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness.

Anosmia

Loss of the sense of smell.

Hyperacusis

Increased sensitivity to everyday sounds.

Word part: -lexia

Reading.

Dyslexia

Difficulty in reading or interpreting words, letters, and other symbols.

Word part: -taxia

Order; coordination.