The Male Breast

What is gynecomastia?

Male breast enlargement due to increased fibroglandular tissue and fat volume.

What is the most common form and age for gynecomastia?

pubertal form; usually happens around puberty or greater than 55 years of age.

What causes gynecomastia?

Can be idiopathic (spontaneous)

hormonal imbalance

hyper/hypothyroidism

Cirrhosis

AIDs

CK failure

Klinefelter syndrome (male born with extra X chromosome)

What causes gynecomastia? Pt 2.

HTN + antidepressant meds

Steroids

Estrogen therapy for prostate cancer

Methotrexate

What are risk factors for male breast cancer?

Cryptorchidism

Klinefelter syndrome

Cowden syndrome (mutations in tumor suppression gene)

Family history

Radiation exposure

What are relevant genes for male breast cancer?

BRCA 1

BRCA 2

PTEN

PALB2

CHEK 2

What is the most common male breast cancer?

Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).

What are the types of breast cancer men can have?

DCIS

Paget Disease

Inflammatory breast cancer

What percentage of malignancies have microcalcs detected by mammo?

30%

Where does male breast cancer usually occur?

Subareolar (women is UOQ).

What are the typical treatments for male breast cancer?

Mastectomy (not lumpectomy).

Male breast METs usually occurs with what?

Most common is prostate cancer (primary).

Melanoma

Lymphoma,

lung and bladder cancer.