ch 11 and 12 science
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35 Terms
motion
change in position of an object relative to a reference point
force
action exerted on an object that can change the object’s state of rest
or motion
net force
combination of all forces acting on an object
speed/average speed
the distance an object moves in a certain amount of time
displacement
the change in position of an object from its starting point (straight line)
balanced forces
type of forces acting when Fnet = 0
friction
force that opposes motion between 2 surfaces that are in contact
unbalanced forces
type of forces acting on an object when Fnet > 0
instantaneous speed
speed of an object at a particular instant
acceration
rate of change in velocity of an object
fluid friction
type of friction that occurs in liquids and gases
reference point/frame of reference
stationary object used to observe motion
static friction
friction between stationary surfaces
velocity
speed of an object in a particular direction
centripital acceleration
acceleration of an object in uniform circular motion
continuos speed
unchanging speed (same distance covered in same length of time)
sliding friction
type of friction that occurs when 1 surface slides past another
rolling friction
type of friction that occurs when 1 surface rolls over another
kinetic friction
friction between moving objects
lubricant
liquid used to reduce friction
inertia
The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
force
An interaction between two or more objects
mass
The amount of matter that makes up an object
acceleration
A change in an object’s velocity
Newton (N)
The SI unit of force
momentum
Inertia in motion
displacement
change in position relative to its origin point
mass
A measure of an object’s inertia
law of conservation of momentum
total momentum remains constant in a closed system
law of universal gravitation
all matter attracts and is attracted to each other
free fall
the state where only gravity affects an object
weight
the force exerted on an object due to gravity
apparent weightlessness
when an object seems to have no weight
terminal velocity
when an object in free fall stops accelerating
projectile motion
the curved path an object follows when thrown