Physics 2130 Equations and Constants

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers essential equations and constants from Physics 2130, including gravitational constants, laws of motion, and energy principles.

Gravitational constant (G)

6.67 × 10−11 N ⋅ m²/kg².

Mass of Earth (M_Earth)

5.97 × 10²⁴ kg.

Radius of Earth (R_Earth)

6.38 × 10⁶ m.

Acceleration due to gravity (g)

9.8 N/kg.

Boltzmann constant (k_B)

1.38 × 10−23 J/K.

Ideal gas constant (R)

8.31 J/(mol ⋅ K).

Elementary charge (e)

1.602 × 10−19 C.

Coulomb's constant (k_C)

8.99 × 10⁹ N ⋅ m²/C².

Vector definition

A quantity with both magnitude and direction.

Hypotenuse in right triangle

In a right triangle, defined by the formula h² = opp² + adj².

Average speed formula

Average speed = distance / time.

Momentum (p)

p = mv, where m is mass and v is velocity.

Newton's second law of motion

Fnet = ma, where Fnet is the net force, m is mass, and a is acceleration.

Pressure (P) formula

P = force/area.

Work done (W)

W = F ∥ d, where F ∥ is the component of the force along the displacement.

Kinetic energy (K) formula

K = 1/2 mv².

Potential energy due to gravity (U_g)

U_g = mgy, where g is acceleration due to gravity.

Ideal gas law in terms of pressure, volume, and temperature

PV = nRT.