Ch 1 Norm Lang Acqui

communication

process of exchanging information through speaker's ideas, thoughts, etc.

linguistic competence

acquisition and use of morphology, phonology, syntax, and semantics

morphology

smallest unit of meaning (go + ing)

phonology

sounds forming words (c + a + t)

syntax

meaning in sentence structure (I + see + a + bird)

semantics

language reflecting speaker's intent/feelings

Encoder Vs. Decoder

speaker. listener.

receptive language

understanding spoken language aka auditory comprehension

expressive language

ability to express and share thoughts, ideas, etc.

paralinguistic cues

accompany spoken language. affect, gestures, posture, physical (distance/proximity), intonation, word stress, speech rate and rhythm, volume/intensity, pitch, inflection (differences related to context), prosody (uses duration, intensity, and frequency)

Articulation

Speech is the verbal means of communicating through _____.

lips, tongue, and soft palate (velum)

Articulation uses ____, _____, and _____.

generative

describes nature of language; ability to generate new sentences

grammar

description of language with respect to its form, content, and use

syntax, morphology, and phonology

what are the 3 parts of form?

MV: describe action (eat, sleep). MAV: express mood (can, could, will, should)

main verbs vs. modal auxiliary verbs

Free: solo meaning. Bound: combination with free morpheme (-s, -ful). Inflectional: (-s, -es, -est, -ing) Derivational: (-ful, -like, -ly)

morpheme types

pragmatics

appropriate use of language in social interaction.

working memory

short term memory; allows the act of "holding" information as well as updating when necessary

executive function

used to control and coordinate information for planning, goals, etc. to guide future actions.

Inhibition. Initiation. Planning. Working memory. Attention. Discrimination. Problem solving. Verbal reasoning. Theory of Mind.

what are the 9 cognitive functions?

Theory of Mind

allows children to appreciate others' mental state; thinks, knows, believes. Failure to develop TOM by 4 years of age is a factor of certain disorders such as Autism.

Metacognition

child's knowledge of their language and thought processes. skill needed for academic success.

metalinguistic abilities

it allows children to be aware of the syllables and phonemes in words, rhymes, and ambiguous words.

verbal reasoning

ability to draw conclusions and make own's decisions

dialect

variation of a particular language