communication
process of exchanging information through speaker's ideas, thoughts, etc.
linguistic competence
acquisition and use of morphology, phonology, syntax, and semantics
morphology
smallest unit of meaning (go + ing)
phonology
sounds forming words (c + a + t)
syntax
meaning in sentence structure (I + see + a + bird)
semantics
language reflecting speaker's intent/feelings
Encoder Vs. Decoder
speaker. listener.
receptive language
understanding spoken language aka auditory comprehension
expressive language
ability to express and share thoughts, ideas, etc.
paralinguistic cues
accompany spoken language. affect, gestures, posture, physical (distance/proximity), intonation, word stress, speech rate and rhythm, volume/intensity, pitch, inflection (differences related to context), prosody (uses duration, intensity, and frequency)
Articulation
Speech is the verbal means of communicating through _____.
lips, tongue, and soft palate (velum)
Articulation uses ____, _____, and _____.
generative
describes nature of language; ability to generate new sentences
grammar
description of language with respect to its form, content, and use
syntax, morphology, and phonology
what are the 3 parts of form?
MV: describe action (eat, sleep). MAV: express mood (can, could, will, should)
main verbs vs. modal auxiliary verbs
Free: solo meaning. Bound: combination with free morpheme (-s, -ful). Inflectional: (-s, -es, -est, -ing) Derivational: (-ful, -like, -ly)
morpheme types
pragmatics
appropriate use of language in social interaction.
working memory
short term memory; allows the act of "holding" information as well as updating when necessary
executive function
used to control and coordinate information for planning, goals, etc. to guide future actions.
Inhibition. Initiation. Planning. Working memory. Attention. Discrimination. Problem solving. Verbal reasoning. Theory of Mind.
what are the 9 cognitive functions?
Theory of Mind
allows children to appreciate others' mental state; thinks, knows, believes. Failure to develop TOM by 4 years of age is a factor of certain disorders such as Autism.
Metacognition
child's knowledge of their language and thought processes. skill needed for academic success.
metalinguistic abilities
it allows children to be aware of the syllables and phonemes in words, rhymes, and ambiguous words.
verbal reasoning
ability to draw conclusions and make own's decisions
dialect
variation of a particular language
Studied by 29 People