Roman History Test (Livy, Romulus and Remus, 7 Kings)

Italian Peninsula

surrounded by Med Sea

good climate (mild)

fertile soil due to volcano

many people wanted to live there 

what drew people to the Italian Peninsula?

mild climate and fertile soil

3000 B.C

people were already living at Italian Peninsula (discovered by archaeologists)

1600 BC

people were coming from Central Europe (Bronze Age)

1200 BC

people moved to Latium (known as Latins)

Migration of peoples

8th to 6th century: people (merchants) from the sea were moving into Sicily (Phonecians moved to Sicily)

Greeks moved to South Italy around Naples

Culture of who influenced Rome?

Greek, Latin, Estrucans

what type of tradition was used due to no written records?

Oral Tradition

Livy’s Role

full name (Titus Livus)

wrote first Roman history book

moralist

wrote about Romulus and Remus

didn’t fact check

twisted stories that he was told to make it seem like people’s stories were better

Livy’s Role

to make the Romans be proud of who they are+ want to be like the people in the history book or even better than them

Romulus and Remus

1250 BC- TROJAN WAR- Aeneas; his descendants are the Romans

TROJAN WAR: Greeks vs Trojans

Aeneas: father of the Romans

Proca

ruler of Alba Longa

the descendant of Aeneas

Proca has 2 sons (Numitor and Amulius)

Numitor

the older son- inherited the kingdom

how did Amulius feel?

he was angry due to Numitor’s inheritance… after Amulius took the power Amulius was so mad that he banished Numitor from the kingdom.. then received the power

he killed all of Numitor’s sons; to get rid of the heirs to the throne

Rhea Silva

daughter of Numitor, became a VESTAL VIRGIN

what did Amulius make sure to make Rhea Silva do?

He made sure that Rhea Silvia became a Vestal Virgin, so she could NOT have children (heirs to the throne) and take his power

Romulus and Remus

twin sons of Rhea Silvia

what oath did Rhea Silvia break by having children?

The Oath of Chasticity.. no husband.. no kids

versions of the story

she was assaulted

she had a relationship with a man

a man assaulted her

who was the father of Romulus and Remus believed to be?

Mars

Rhea Silvia’s punishment?

the babies punishement

the babies were put in basket, basket let down into Typhon River

What happened to the babies (Romulus and Remus) ?

drifted along river, basket stopped at bank of river..

Wolf

Shewold comes along river, sees the children

children do not starve to death because the wolf saves them

Faustulus (king’s shepherd)

sees the children (he and his wife wanted children, but could not have any)

he takes the children home to raise..sees them as a gify

the town belives they are Faustulus and Larentia’s children

Growth of the boys

raised well by Larentia and Faustulus

Attempt to get rid of band of robbers

attacked the robbers, took their stuff

they distributed the items to town

the twins completed this nice thing because of how they were raised

Festivities on the Palantine Hill in Rome

the twins wanted to go to the festival

the robbers were at the festival.. wanted to beat the twins up for payback

attacked the twins

Result of the robbers’ attack on the twins

Remus captured

Romulus ran away

Numitor’s questioning of Remus

after questioning Remus for same time, Numitor realized Remus was his grandchild

In meantime, Romulus made it back home with Faustulus

• makes his wat to find Numitor, to get his brother back

Romulus’s attack

he gathers soldiers to help him get his brother back- does not know if Numitor is an evil person or not (Remus is Numitor’s grandchild)

Fate of Amulus

killed since he’s evil

Fate of Numitor

Numitor becomes the king, since he should have been king the whole time since his grandchild is Remus

The twin’s decision

went back to the place where shewolf found them

• made new place, wanted to rule there together

• However, one eventually wanted more power

The way to decide the ruler

asked gods to give a sign to who is the new king

sign given by birds; augury

• saw the birds; each argued that the birds were on one side; saying they were king

Result of the observation

both wanted to be in charge; view of augery was uneven

Death of Remus

Remus died, Remulus became king

• 2 sides of story

-Remus was walking along city wall, then died from fall

-he was punched off wall

• accident or intentional death? no one really knows

Romulus (753-716 BC)

first king of Rome

• warlike, more concerned w/ war than being peaceful

3 things known for

• led army into war

• chief priest

• chief judge in legal disputes

Created Body of Senate

• they would serve advisory to him

• they would tell him their opinion

• he still had power to do as he wished, letting people voice their opinions was a good power move to make him look good

when he died, renamed to Quirinis, hill named after him

Numa Pompilius (716-672 BC)

was a sabyne

• lived next door to Rome

Concerned with civility, religion, law

• appointed priest for religion, worked on calendar

• calendar: for religious festivals

Known for creating concept of vestal Virgins

• Pontifex Maximus, leader of Vestal Virgins

Tullus Hostilius (672-640 BC)

HOSTILE KING

wanted to get rid of Romans and Albans

• set of Roman triplets: Horatti and Curiatii

• Tullus Hostilius said the triplets would fight instead of a lot of people

• 2 Romans killed,1 standing, 3 Curiatii wounded

• Last standing Roman kills last 3 wounded Curiatii; ROME WINS

A woman sees the last Roman (they are brother and sister), she sees that he is wearing something that she made for her fiance, meaning her brother killed her fiance WHO WAS ON THE ENEMY’S SIDE

• her brother was angered at revalation that she was engaged to the enemy, so he killed her ( HIS OWN SISTER DAM)

Tullus Hostilius gets a new will ; Caelian

• Caelian Hill

• increasing population of Rome

Ancus Marcus (640- 616 BC)

Numa Pompilius’s grandson

focused on religion instead, Latins thought he was weak for this, decided to attack him

• However, he was a very good leader, defended Rome against Latins

• first bridge across Tiber River

• new hill added: Janiculum

Lucius Tarquinius Priscus (616- 578 BC)

death: he got murdered cuz people didn’t like him (lol)

takes over as Ancus Marcus’ advisor

he was Estrucan (Estrucans were from North of Rome)

• people didn’t like that he was an outsider (to the inside joke- lyn??)

Palantine Hill

• he got slaves to clean it out, turned into Roman Forum

• sacra via: road from Capitoline to Palantine

Estrucans gave Romans gladiator games

• Romans loved these games

Capitoline Hill

• where people worshipped, temple of Jupiter built here

Lucius married nice lady in town(Tanaquil)

• one day, slave boy was overworked, someone led him to take break/nap, person would cover for the boy

• later, checked on boy, his head was on fire (THIS GIRL IS ON FIREEEE)

• all slaves got distracted, watch kid who’s head is on fire

• Queen is confused why slaves aren’t bringing her food

• She thinks fireboy is a sign from the gods, she contracts her husband

• they adopt the kid after they help him

• FIRE DISAPPEARS from kid, they adopt him, he turns into prince

NAMED SERVIUS TULLIUS

• married his sister so people wouldn’t question his rule to throne

Servius Tullius (578-534)