Plant Structure and Function REVIEW slides

This flashcard set covers key concepts related to the structure and function of plants and their role in crop growth, as discussed in the lecture.

Primary organs of plants

The main components include roots, stems, leaves, and flowers.

Photosynthesis

The process where plants make sugars from water and carbon dioxide using sunlight.

Xylem

Tissue that transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.

Phloem

Tissue that transports nutrients and sugars throughout the plant.

Meristems

Areas of actively dividing cells responsible for growth in plants.

Stamens

The male reproductive part of a flower that produces pollen.

Pistils

The female reproductive part of a flower, which includes the stigma, style, and ovary.

Complete flowers

Flowers that have all four main parts: stamens, pistils, petals, and sepals.

Dicots

Broadleaf plants characterized by having two seed leaves, or cotyledons.

Monocots

Plants with one seed leaf, typically including grasses.

Epigeal germination

A type of seed germination where the cotyledons emerge above ground.

Hypogeal germination

A type of seed germination where the cotyledons remain below ground.

Lateral roots

Roots that branch off from the main root, enhancing the plant's anchorage and absorption.

Photosynthesis

The process by which plants use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.

Inflorescences

Arrangements of flowers clustered together on branches.

Stomata

Small openings in leaves that facilitate gas exchange.

Rhizomes

Horizontal underground stems that allow plants to reproduce asexually.

Fibrous root system

A root system characterized by many small roots that spread out from the base.

Taproot

A root system with one large main root and smaller lateral roots.

Ground tissue

Plant tissue serving various functions, including storage and support.

Stipules

Small leaf-like structures found at the base of a leaf stalk.

Asexual reproduction

A mode of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes.

Meristematic tissue

Tissue composed of undifferentiated cells capable of division and growth.