Movement of substances in amd out of cells

What are the three main processes by which substances move into and out of cells?

Diffusion, Osmosis, Active transport.

What is diffusion?

Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

What is osmosis?

Movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution.

What is active transport?

Movement of substances against the concentration gradient using energy.

What factors affect the rate of movement of substances into and out of cells?

Surface area to volume ratio, Distance, Temperature, Concentration gradient.

How does surface area to volume ratio affect diffusion?

A larger surface area to volume ratio results in faster diffusion.

How does distance affect the rate of diffusion?

Shorter distances result in faster diffusion.

How does temperature influence the rate of movement of substances?

Higher temperatures increase the rate of movement.

What is the role of concentration gradient in diffusion rates?

A steeper concentration gradient results in faster diffusion.

How can diffusion and osmosis be investigated using living systems?

Using plant cells or animal tissues in different solutions.

How can diffusion and osmosis be modeled using non-living systems?

Using dialysis tubing to mimic a selectively permeable membrane and observe water or solute movement.