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mass
measure of the amount of matter in an object/sample
2 temperature scales used
Celsius and Kelvin scale
Celsius scale formula
C = (*F - 32*F) x 5*C/9*F
Kelvin scale formula
K = *C + 273
volume formula
V = m3 or V = m/d
density formula
d = m/V
physical property
can be observed and measured without changing the identity of a substance
physical change
state of matter changes by identity doesn’t
chemical property
must carry out a chemical change; original substance will no longer exist, identity changes
extensive property
depends on the amount of matter (x)
intensive property
independent of the amount of matter (in)
2 types of numbers
exact and inexact
exact numbers
defined values
inexact numbers
measured by any other method other than counting
significant figures
meaningful digits in a number
sig fig rules
1) nonzero digits ✅
2) sandwiched zeros ✅
3) zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit ❌
4) zeros to the right of the last nonzero digit with a decimal point ✅
addition and subtraction rules
answer can’t have more digits to the right of the decimal point than the original number with the smallest amount
multiplying and dividing rules
number of sig figs is the original number with the smallest amount
accuracy
how close to the true value
precision
how close multiple data are to one another
conversion factor
fraction flipped
dimensional analysis
use of conversion factors in a problem
