Community Health Nursing Overview

Flashcards covering the overview of public health nursing in the Philippines, including definitions, core functions, the intervention wheel, levels of prevention, and historical legislation.

Community Health

A part of paramedical and medical intervention/approach concerned with the health of the whole population with aims of health promotion, disease prevention, and management of factors affecting health.

Public Health (Winslow)

The science and art of (1) preventing disease, (2) prolonging life, and (3) promoting health and efficiency through organized community effort.

Mission of Public Health

Social Justice, which entitles all people to basic necessities such as adequate income and health protection and accepts collective burdens to make it possible.

Assessment

The regular collection, analysis, and information sharing about health conditions, risks, and resources in a community.

Policy Development

The use of information gathered during assessment to develop local and state health policies and to direct resources toward those policies.

Assurance

Focuses on the availability of necessary health services throughout the community and the capacity to respond to daily operations.

The Intervention Wheel

A population-based practice model introduced by the Minnesota Department of Health that encompasses three levels of practice (community, systems, and individual/family) and 17 public health interventions.

Systems-focused Practice

A level of practice that changes organizations, policies, laws, and power structures, focusing on the systems that impact health rather than directly on individuals.

Community-focused Practice

A level of practice that changes community norms, attitudes, awareness, practices, and behaviors, directed at entire populations or target groups within them.

Individual/Family-focused Practice

A level of practice that changes knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, practices, and behaviors of individuals and families, identifying them as part of a population at risk.

Surveillance

Describes and monitors health events through ongoing and systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data for public health intervention planning.

Outreach

Locates populations of interest or at risk and provides information about the nature of the concern and how service can be obtained.

Screening

Identifies individuals with unrecognized health risk factors or asymptomatic disease condition.

Case Finding

Locates individuals and families with identified risk factors and connects them with resources.

Case Management

Optimizes self-care capabilities of individuals and families and the capacity of systems and communities to coordinate and provide services.

Delegated Functions

Carries out direct care tasks under the authority of a health care practitioner as allowed by the law.

Community Organizing

Helps community groups to identify common problems or goals, mobilize resources, and develop and implement strategies for realizing those goals.

Advocacy

Pleads someone's cause or acts on someone's behalf, focusing on developing the capacity of others to plead their own cause.

Social Marketing

Utilizes commercial marketing principles for programs designed to influence knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of the population of interest.

Community

A group of people with common characteristics or interests living together within a territory or geographical boundary.

Primary Prevention

General health promotion and specific protection.

Secondary Prevention

Early detection and prompt intervention.

Tertiary Prevention

Reducing the effects of disease and injury, and restoring individuals to their optimal level of functioning.

Community Health Nursing (Maglaya)

The utilization of the nursing process in the different levels of clientele—individuals, families, population groups, and communities—concerned with health promotion, disease prevention, and rehabilitation.

CODES

An acronym for public health objectives: Control of communicable diseases, Organization of medical services, Development of social machineries, Education of IFC on hygiene, and Sanitation of environment.

IEC

Information (sharing ideas), Education (change within the individual), and Communication (interaction involving 2 or more persons).

Medical Officer (MO)

A physician who is a member of the public health team.

Rural Sanitary Inspector (RSI)

A member of the health team who must be a sanitary engineer.

Fajardo Act (1912)

A law that created sanitary divisions made up of one to four municipalities.

R.A. 1082 (1954)

The Rural Health Unit Act which provided an RHU (Rural Health Unit) in every municipality.

R.A. 7160 (1991)

The Local Government Code which mandated the devolution of basic services, including health services, to Local Government Units (LGUs).

Manager/Leader Role

The role in which a nurse employs principles of management to maximize resources effectively and efficiently including budgeting, inventories, and scheduling.

Researcher/Epidemiologist Role

The role where the nurse acts as a health monitor, tracking illnesses and working with other professionals during outbreaks to identify etiology and solutions.