oxidative decarboxylation

what happens when o2 is available during glycolysis

aerobic cellular respiration

stages of aerobic cellular respiration 

glycolysis→

oxidative decarboxylation→

Krebs Cycle→

ETC

what does pyruvate turn into during (oxidative decarboxylation) aerobic cellular respiration

Acetyl-CoA 

where is pyruvate converted into acetyl-coa

the mitochondrial matrix

what happens to pryuvate in the mitochondrial matrix

it oxidizes, gets decarboxylated, and turns into fragaments

-carboxyl group is removed

break down of pyruvate getting oxidized by PDH

acetyl group and CO2

what happens to the pyruvate fragments

they combined with co-enzyme A which results in acetyl-CoA

what enzyme is required in oxidative decarboxylation

PDH

pyruvate dehydrogenase

What elements are present in the matrix

pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH)

& Coenzyme A (COA)

how does pyruvate move from the cytoplasm to the intermembrane space

through the pyruvate channel embedded in the outer membrane 

-diffusion

how does pyruvate move from the inter membrane space to the matrix

through the H+/pyruvate symporters

where are the H+/pryuvate symporters located

embedded in inner membrane of mitochondria

what direction is H+ and pyruvate moving

both moving into the matrix from inter membrane space

-H+: high to low

-pyruvate: low to high

how is pyruvate moving against the conc. gradient 

low to high 

why is pyruvate initially in the cytoplasm

because glucose was broken down there during glycolysis 

oxidative decarboxylation formula

Pyruvate + Coenzyme A —-PDH—→ Acetyl coenzyme A

why is NAD transforming into NADH in oxidative decarboxylation

NAD⁺ accepts the electrons/hydrogen from the oxidation of pyruvate, which reduces it to NADH.

net production from oxidative decarboxylation (breakdown of 1 glucose)

2 Acetyl CoA,

2 NADH,

2 CO₂

is atp made during oxidative decarboxylation

no, its the only stage where atp is not made 

what is acetyl-co a used for

to enter different cycles or generate other compounds

what happens if more atp is needed

-more atp then what is made during glycolysis

it enters Krebs Cycle