intro to environmental science
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20 Terms
Biological evolution
The change in a populations genetic make up through successive generations.
Microevolution
The small genetic changes that occur in a population.
Macroevolution
Long term, large scale evolutionary changes through which new species form from ancestral species and other species are lost through extinction
Fundamental niche
The full potential range of physical, chemical and biological conditions and resources it could theoretically use if there were no direct competition from other specie.
Convergent evolution
Occurs when two distantly related groups of organisms develop similarities because they are adapting adapting similar environmental constraints or opportunities
Climate
The long term atmospheric conditions. Ex. Temperature and precipitation.
Weather
The short term atmospheric conditions.
A front
The boundary between two air masses with different temperatures and densities.
A cold front
The leading edge of an advancing mass of cold air.
A warm front
The boundary between an advancing warm air mass and the cooler one it is replacing.
Jet stream
Powerful winds near the top of the troposphere, 7-16 km above sea level.
Explain the greenhouse effect.
The greenhouse effect is the natural process where greenhouse gasses in the earth’s atmosphere absorb and re radiate some of the infrared energy released by the surface. This keeps the planet warm enough to support life.
Importance of carbon dioxide GHG.
Carbon dioxide is the primary concern, over produced by human interference.
Explain the importance of methane GHG
Methane is released through natural decomposition and has a heat trapping ability of 23.
Explain the importance of ozone GHG
Ozone is best known for filtering uv light and radiation.
Explain the importance of halocarbons "(Cfc") GHG
Best known for depleting the ozone layer.
Explain the importance of nitrous oxide GHG
Nitrous oxide has a heat trapping ability of 298 times c02
Explain the importance of water vapor GHG
Water vapor is the most abundant greenhouse gas.
Tropical dessert
Hot and dry most of the year, few plants, a hard windblown surface with rocks and some sand.