Pulmonary Function Test
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22 Terms
Tidal volume
The volume of air breathed in and out normally
Expiratory reserve volume
The additional amount of air that can be exhaled following a normal exhalation
inspiratory reserve volume
The additional amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation
residual volume
Amount of air remaining in the lungs after a forced exhalation
vital capacity
The total volume of air that can be exhaled after maximal inhalation.
inspiratory capacity
the amount of air that can be inhaled after the end of a normal expiration
functional residual capacity
amount of additional air that can be exhaled after a normal expiration
total lung capacity
total amount of air lungs can hold
what is a pulmonary function test
noninvasive test that shows how well the lungs are working
what does a pulmonary function test measure
the lung's volume, capacity, rates of flow, and how well they exchange gases.
What is forced vital capacity?
the maximal air that can be exhaled as fast as possible after maximal inhalation.
A decreased FVC indicates
an obstructive or restrictive lung disease
How do you determine if a decreased FVC indicates obstructive or restrictive?
To determine which is present, perform a FEV1 test
What is forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)?
volume of air that was exhaled in the first second of the FVC.
Results of an obstructive lung disease
FVC: decreased or normal
FEV1: Decreased
FEV1/FVC: Decreased
TLC: normal or increased
Results of a restrictive lung disease
FVC: Decreased
FEV1: Decreased or Normal
FEV1/FVC ratio: Normal
TLC: Decreased
What is diffusing capacity of lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO2)?
measurement of the ease of transfer for CO molecules from alveoli to the hemoglobin of RBCs in pulmonary circulation.
How do you know if a Mixed defect is present?
FEV1/FVC and FVC are both decreased <80%
How do you determine the gas exchange disorder severity?
Look at DLCO2 %.
<40% is severe.
Respiratory pattern of asthma
decreased FEV1/FVC ratio
Normal DLCO
respiratory pattern of Emphysema
decreased FEV1/FVC
decreased DLCO
The results of a PFT can be used to determine
- airflow limitation
- reversibility of obstructive abnormality
- severity of airflow limitation
- identify alternative explanation for dyspnea