Lecture on Psychology and Personality Development

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on psychology, relationships, and personality development, aimed at helping students prepare for their exam.

What is psychology?

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

What role does psychology play in our lives?

It helps us understand our own behaviors and mental processes, which also aids in understanding others.

What is self-concept?

Our overall thoughts and feelings about ourselves.

Who introduced the idea of unconditional positive regard?

Carl Rogers.

What is behaviorism?

A theory that all behaviors are learned through interactions with the environment.

What does classical conditioning entail?

A learning process that involves associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.

What are the three parts of Freud's personality theory?

Id, ego, and superego.

What is the id according to Freud?

The primitive part of personality that seeks immediate gratification.

What does the ego do in Freud's theory?

It mediates between the id’s desires and the realities of the world.

What is self-actualization?

Realizing one's highest potential and achieving personal growth.

What is operant conditioning?

A form of learning where the consequences of behavior affect the likelihood of that behavior occurring in the future.

What is the hierarchy of needs proposed by Maslow?

A model that illustrates the different levels of needs that must be satisfied before higher-level needs can be addressed.

What does multiple intelligences refer to?

A theory proposing that intelligence is not a single entity but consists of multiple distinct types of intelligence.

What is emotional intelligence?

The ability to understand and manage your own emotions, as well as the emotions of others.

What are psychodynamic theories primarily concerned with?

The influence of unconscious forces on personality and behavior.

What is the relationship between personality and experience?

Personality is shaped significantly by experiences and behaviors learned throughout life.

Who is Alfred Adler and what did he propose?

A Neo-Freudian who introduced individual psychology and emphasized social interest and the concept of inferiority complex.

Why is the concept of self-transcendence important?

It refers to the ability to rise above the self, understanding one's part in a greater whole.

What does active learning involve?

Taking responsibility for one's own education and applying learned concepts to personal experience.