interview and interrogation test 2

t/f the way questions are phrased can increase or decrease the value of the response

true

some questions can actually invite ____ answers

deceptive

what is an open question

one that calls for a narrative response

t/f open questions allow the subject to include and exclude what they want

true

t/f open questions invite fabrication

false

t/f open questions can be easily evaluated for editing

true

t/f open questions commit a subject to a position of denial

false

it is always more advantageous to have a subject___part of the truth than to_____information through a lie

omit, fabricate

developing a truthful information that was omitted from a response is much____than learning the truth from a subject who is committed to a lie already told.

better

the initial open question should be phrased in the _____ sense possible

broadest

don’t put _____ on your question that might limit a response

parameters

______ suspects usually ask, where do you want me to start, or what do you want to know

deceptive

once they start talking DON’T _____

interupt

t/f if you interrupt the subject might edit their response to tell you what you want to hear

true

t/f if you interrupt the subject might break flow and they might forget stuff

true

t/f if you interrupt the subject, it has no effect on your ability to detect “edits”

false, interrupting hinders your ability to detect edits

t/f forced silence is good

true

three parts of a truthful response

introduction- set the stage

main event-what happened

epilog-results of the event, how they feel or felt about during the event

a____ account will generally give brief introduction and main event, but omit or give a very sketchy epilog

fabricated

t/f a fabricated account will have inconsistent amounts of information given between elements

true

memories are not stored in ______time

real

t/f primary memories that might stimulate secondary memories is normally part of a truthful response

true

expressions of _____or____ are psychologically linked to actions

thoughts or emotions

t/f it is suspicious if thoughts and emotions are excluded from a memory

true

_____levels of detail is generally and indication of deception

varying

t/f a truthful account will be recalled with perfect chronology 

false a deceptive account will have perfect chronology

t/f the absence of thoughts and emotions are characteristics of a truthful event

false

phrases indicating a ____ _____ generally indicate a lie

time gap- “before i knew it”

Implied action phrases include

He started to

i thought about

he began

i wanted to

t/f open ended questions can be divided into three categories

true

what are the three categories of open ended questions

questions designed to illicit further information within a section of an account

questions seeking an explanation for events

questions designed to develop information about the subjects feelings or thoughts

usually closed questions asked to elicit a specific ____ or ____ from the subject

position, answer

t/f deceptive people are more likely to lie to direct questions

true

t/f avoid destructive or legal terminology

true

ask each question as if you _____ know the answer

don’t

t/f it is ok to combine issues into one question

false

direct questions should be ____ and ____

short, succinct 

what is tagging

a questioning error that involved the investigator asking a direct question and then continuing to talk

t/f do not aske negative questions

true

t/f do not ask challenging questions

true, questions should be non accusatory

follow up questions are specifically directed at some aspect of the suspects _____ response

original

example of qualified response

to the best of my knowledge

what are the three channels of communication

verbal, paralinguistic, nonverbal

define verbal communication

word choice and arrangement to send a message

define paralinguistic communication

characters of speech falling outside of the spoken word. tone and rate of speech

define nonverbal communication

posture, arm/leg movements, eye contact, facial expressions

evaluate all 3 channels of communication _______

simultaneously

behaviors can reflect the subject’s ____ emotional state during a response

internal

when the channels of communication are in conflict with one another the suspect is indicating _____

deception

evaluate paralinguistic and nonverbal behaviors in ____with the subject’s verbal message

context

evaluate the _____ of behaviors occurring throughout the interview

tpreponderance

establish the suspects ____ behavior patterns

normal

t/f longer responses are typically indicative of a truthful response

true

t/f free flowing responses are normally truthful

true

t/f if one is telling the truth they will normally volunteer information

true

t/f short responses are normally deceptive

true

t/f one who gives minimal info is normally lying

true

t/f Guarded attitudes are normally truthful

false, they are normally deceptive

what is response latency

the length of time between the interviewers last question and the first word of the suspects respons

how long does it take for a truthful response

.5 seconds

how long does it take for a deceptive response

1.5 seconds

early responses from truthful subjects will be ____ after the interviewer stops talking

repeated

t/f deceptive early responses will not be repeated as the subject believes they have already answered the question

true

truthful subjects tend to offer____ responses

longer

during the suspects response watch for inconsistencies in the subjects

rate, pitch, clarity

what are clipped words

I / DID/ NOT/ STEAL/ ANY/ MONEY

t/f a truthful response is one that is free flowing and maintains its continuity

true

a significant paralinguistic behavior of deception is ___ and ____ behavior

start and stop

the true meaning of what is said may be ____ or ____ by non verbal clues

amplified or modified

what percent of communication is nonverbal

70%

truthful subjects will normally sit___ in the chair, ___ their body with interviewer, and lean ____ the interviewer

upright, align, forward

deceptive non verbal behaviors

slouch, disinterested, turn away, move chair away from interviewer, tuck feed under chair, sit on hands, cross legs or arms tightly, static posture,

t/f movement of the hands away from the body is associated with truthfulness

true

generally people who dont make direct eye contact are _____ information

withholding

t/f dont challenge the subject to look me in the eye

true

t/f dark glasses should be worn during the interview

false

eyes move to their___ when they are editing or fabricating

right

eyes move to their ____ when they are recalling information

___% of the population’s eyes will react distinctly when asked a question

behavior symptoms can help you determine truthfulness or deception they are ___ to be used by themselves 

not

a “normal range” relative to emotional, ____, cognitive and ___ health

mental, physical, and

guilty people are afraid to speak for fear of saying something ____ or trapping themselves in fear of

incriminating

truthful people are afraid of being mistaken as ____

guilty

t/f dont allow behavioral analysis to outweigh the evidence and case facts

true

t/f as a rule the more intelligent a subject is the more reliable the behavior symptoms

true

t/f youthful suspects are children under age 9

true

people who have been incarcerated for long periods of time and people raised in the ____ _____ wont look you in the eye

middle east

western social space

3-4 feet

middle east social space

1-2 feet