Cardiovascular System Review (Part 1)

What are the three main parts of the cardiovascular system?

Blood vessels, heart, blood

The muscle layer is much _______ in veins than arteries

smaller

Veins contain _________

valves

What is 1?

Inguinal ligament

What is 2?

Common femoral artery

What is the function of capillaries?

The exchange of materials between the blood and the body’s cells (oxygen, nutrients, waste)

The human heart creates enough pressure to squirt blood _____ feet

30

Where is the heart roughly located?

In the cavity between the lungs, 2/3 left of midsagittal

True or False: Your heart roughly the size of your fist

True

What is the Pericardium?

The outer membrane of the heart

What are the functions of the Pericardium?

It serves as a physical barrier for protection of the heart, anchors the heart to other structures, and it provides lubrication for the heart to beat easily

What is the Epicardium?

The outer layer of the heart wall

What is the Myocardium?

The middle layer of the heart muscle that consists of twisted cardiac muscle

What layer of the heart actually contracts?

Myocardium

What is the Endocardium?

The inner layer of tissue in the heart muscle that’s made up of epithelial tissue

How are the chambers of the heart divided up?

2 atria, 2 ventricles

What is the septum of the heart?

A dividing of the interatrial and interventricular parts of the heart

What is the function of the Atria?

Receives blood from veins

What is the function of the right atria?

Receives blood from superior & inferior vena case

In the right atria there is oxygen _____ blood or blood that has been used

poor

Where does the left atria receive blood from?

Pulmonary veins

The left atria gets blood coming from the lungs so it is _____ in oxygen

rich

The ventricles of the heart are also know as what?

Muscular Pumps

How are the ventricles divded?

Through the interventricular septum

How does the right ventricle function?

It receives blood from the right atria (O2 poor) and then it pumps the blood to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries

How does the left ventricle function?

It receives blood (O2 rich) from the left atrium and then it pumps blood to the body through the aorta

What is the systemic circulation?

Heart —> Lungs —> Heart —> Body —> Heart

What do heart valves help with?

They allow for “one way” circulation, preventing the mixing of oxygenated and deoxgyenated blood

Where is the tricuspid valve located?

Between the right atria and the right ventricle

Where is the bicuspid / mitral valve located?

Between the left atria and the left ventricle

What is the Chordae Tendineae and Papillary Muscles help with what?

They stop the valves from folding backwards

Where is the pulmonary semilunar valve located?

Between the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle

Where is the Aortic Semilunar Valve located?

Between the aorta and the left ventricle