Science Test

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26 Terms

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Torque

a turning force of a lever

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Watt

SI unit for power

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fulcrum

the point on which a lever turns

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work
the product of force and distance when a force is used to make an object move
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joule
a unit of work equal to one newton-meter
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machine
a device that changes the amount of force exerted or the direction in which the force is exerted
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input force
the force exerted on a machine
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output force
the force exerted on an object by a machine
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mechanical advantage
the number of time the force exerted on a machine is multiplied by the machine
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efficiency
the percentage of the input work that is converted to output work
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actual mechanical advantage
the mechanical advantage that a machine provides in a real situation
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ideal mechanical advantage
the mechanical advantage that a machine would have without friction
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inclined plane
a simple machine consisting of a flat surface with one end higher than the other
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wedge
a simple machine consisting of a device that is thick at one end and tapers to a thin edge at the other
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screw
a simple machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped around a central cylinder to form a spiral
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lever
a simple machine consisting of a rigid object that pivots about a fixed point
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fulcrum
the fixed point around which a lever pivots
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wheel and axle
a simple machine consisting of two circular or cylindrical objects that are fastened together and rotate about a common axis
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pulley
a simple machine consisting of a grooved wheel around which is wrapped a rope, chain, or cable
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compound machine
a device that combines two or more simple machines
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gears
two or more wheels linked together by interlocking teeth
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Three ways machines affect work:

magnitude of the force, direction of the force applied, distance object moves

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In order for work to take place on an object, the applied force must be __________________ to the distance the object is moved.

parallel

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1st class lever

a type of lever where the fulcrum is located between the effort and the load, allowing for a change in the direction of force.

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2nd class lever

a type of lever where the load is located between the fulcrum and the effort, reducing the amount of input force needed to lift the load.

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3rd Class lever

a type of lever where the effort is located between the fulcrum and the load, requiring greater input force to lift the load.