CLINICAL CORRELATIONS

HIRSCHPUNG DISEASE

congenital aganglionic megacolon (since birth)

CHAGAS DISEASE

Trypanosomiasis infection with the protozoan t. cruzi.

HIRSCHPUNG DISEASE AND CHAGAS DISEASE

Absence or destruction of enteric nervous system (meissner’s and auerbach’s). - results in loss of coordinated peristalsis, leading to severe constipation and dilation of the affected regipns

HIRSCHPUNG DISEASE AND CHAGAS DISEASE- histologically

affected regions show hypertrophied nerve fibers without ganglion cells

GASTROESOPHAGAEL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD)

-erosion of the esophageal mucosa

-Untreated by this can lead to Barretts esophagus

Pernicious anemia

insufficient intrinsic factor

• impaired vit. B12 and reduced erythroblast proliferation

• loss of parietal cells and glandular atrophy

Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers

NSAID user, Helicobacter pylori infection, excessive gastric secretion.

Necrotic debris, inflammatory cell infiltrations, and fibrosis.

Colorectal cancer/ Adenocarcinoma

benign adenomatous polyps

common in low fiber diets

abnormal glandular architecture, nuclear pleomorphism, invasion of surrounding tissues

Hemorrhoids

dilated venous plexus in the mucosa and submucosal of the anal canal due to increased intra- abdominal pressure

Hemorrhoids- histologically

engorged, thin walled veins prone to rupture and thrombosis

MUMPS DISEASE

viral illness caused by Paramyxovirus

-involves pain, tenderness, and swelling in one or both parotid salivary glands.

MUMPS DISEASE- severe complications":

Encephalitis, Orchitis, Oophoritis, viral pneumonia

MUMPS DISEASE- diagnosis:

RT-PCR and Viral Culture

MUMPS DISEASE- PREVENTION

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