Fetal Echocardiography

what is the most common human malformation

congenital heart disease

what are the three shunts in the fetal heart

ductus venosus

foramen ovale

ductus arteriosus

what shunt bypasses the liver and directs blood from umbilical vein to IVC

ductus venosus

what shunt bypasses the lung and directs blood flow from umbilical vein to left atrium 

foramen ovale

what shunt bypasses the lung and directs blood flow form pulmonary artery to proximal thoracic aorta

ductus arteriosus

what drug keeps the shunts open after birth

prostaglandin E

where does the umbilical vein deliver blood

directly to the liver

blood leaves the liver and enters what

IVC

how does blood from the liver get to the IVC

the hepatic veins

the umbilical vein branches into what shunt at the liver

ductus venosus

at 20 weeks gestation what is the size of the heart

a quarter

what does the fetal HR average at

150 bpm

what is situs solitus

a normal variation

right ventricle closest to anterior chest wall

moderator band

left atrium closest to spine

what are the normal left sided structures

spleen, stomach, left atrium, aorta, bilobed left lung

what is the chance of CHD with normal situs

1%

what is situs inversus

complete reversal of all organs

what is the risk of CHD with situs inversus

1%

what is situs ambiguous

reversal of some organs

very high risk of CHD

what is the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT)

continuity of the interventricular septum to the anterior wall of aorta

what does LVOT confirm

presence of great vessel originating from left ventricle

what is the RVOT

confirms presence of great vessel originating from right ventricle 

what vessels are seen in a RVOT

pulmonary artery, aorta, and SVC

what does the pulmonary artery do that the aorta does not

bifurcate

what is the 3VT

demonstrates great arteries and SVC