Mughal Empire

When did the Mughal Empire rule?

1526-1858 A.D.

What regions did the Mughal Empire primarily control?

Most of India and Pakistan.

Who established the Mughal Empire?

Al-Din Muhammad, also known as Babur.

What significant battle did Babur win to establish the Mughal Empire?

The First Battle of Panipat in 1526.

What was a key characteristic of the Mughal Empire's governance?

Centralized government with respect for human rights.

What language emerged from the cultural synthesis during the Mughal Empire?

Urdu, a mix of Persian, Arabic, and Hindi.

Which Mughal emperor is known for his policy of religious tolerance?

Akbar.

What architectural masterpiece did Emperor Jahan commission?

The Taj Mahal.

What was the role of women in Mughal society?

Women had significant roles, receiving salaries, owning land, and participating in cultural activities.

Who was the last great Mughal emperor?

Aurangzeb.

What was one of Aurangzeb's contributions to the Mughal Empire?

He expanded the empire to its greatest size.

What was Akbar's approach to religion?

He promoted a new state religion called 'God-ism' and advocated for religious tolerance.

What economic foundation supported the Mughal Empire?

A productive agricultural economy, relying on crops like wheat and rice.

What impact did the Columbian exchange have on the Mughal Empire?

It introduced American food crops such as maize, potatoes, and tomatoes.

What was the significance of Fatehpur Sikri?

It was the new capital built by Akbar, symbolizing his religious tolerance.

What was a common practice among Hindus during the Mughal Empire?

The practice of suttee, or the cremation of widows.

How did the Mughal rulers view Hinduism?

Hinduism was tolerated, and new temples were built with permission.

What was one of the cultural developments during Jahangir's reign?

The development of Urdu as the official language of the Empire.

What was a major consequence of Aurangzeb's rule?

The empire became unstable due to its size and his extremism.

What was the relationship between the Mughal rulers and the Hindu majority?

Mughal rulers were Muslims ruling over a predominantly Hindu population.

What was the impact of tobacco and coffee in the Mughal Empire?

They became popular in the 16th century, leading to the establishment of coffee and smoke houses.

What did Babur forbid after conquering Delhi?

The killing of cows, as it was offensive to Hindus.

What was the significance of the Mughal Empire in terms of cultural influence?

It spread Persian arts and culture throughout South Asia.

What was the fate of the last Mughal emperor?

He was disposed of by the British in 1858.

What was a notable feature of the Mughal Empire's political organization?

It was a sophisticated civilization based on religious toleration.