Hearing Anatomy Exam 1

Two sound fields

free field and diffuse field

if its free field theres no reflective surfaces (sound booth)

diffuse field: everywhere

Can sound travel through a vaccum

No, particles are too far apart and they cannot collide with each other theres not enough density

determine wavelength

speed over frequency

what scale are decibels based off

logarithmic scale because they are so big

Complex sounds broken in two categories, what are they?

periodic: repeats itself no matter the pattern

aperiodic: no pattern, really wonky

What happens if a sampling rate is too low when acoustic sound is being transmitted to a digital sound?

The wavelength will be distorted. All the sounds will start to sound the same cause our frequencies will be off

EBP? Why is it important

evidence, based, practice. to understand what actually works for patients. Clinical expertise, research based evidence, and patient preference.

what are the 4 types of scales?

1. Nominal: labels variables

2. Ordinal: orders or ranks variables

3. interval: orders varibales and calculated distance

4. ratio: compares and orders ranks (knowledge of true zero)

What constitutes a good sampling rate?

2x the frequency of signal interest (Nyguist theorm)

what is diffraction and how does it impact sound propagation?

the ability of sound to change direction and bend around objects

it is not a straight line

what is the difference between analog and digital signals?

analog: continuous and it continues to go change in any time

digital: discrete, making that signal happen, values are recorded

Characteristics of a sine wave?

1st amplitude: displacement, pressure, loudness

2nd frequency: pitch, pitch when it changes how far or close you are (doppler affect)

3rd phase: what degree a cycle starts at, does it start at 90 degrees?

What properties does a medium need to transmit sound

mass and elasticity

diffraction depends on what

size of the object, wavelength, shape, and size of opening

What is simple harmonic motion? what does it look like?

simplest form of a repeating, back-and-forth movement where an object's pull back to its center point (called equilibrium) is directly tied to how far it has moved away from that center

friction always in the air and thats what stops object from swinging

what would cause two waves to cancel each other out?

phases or also called deconstructive interference

what does frequency domain describe? What does the time domain describe?

frequency domain: frequencies in sound

time domain: amplitude and sound change overtime

what info from a spectra or spectrogram may be important? what do they tell us?

darker areas: more intensity

the intensity a way to graph and visual complex sounds

how are frequencies affected by mass and stiffness?

mass means its gonna be heavier, the frequency is gonna be lower so higher the mass but more stiffness = higher frequency