the collection of facts and patterns extracted from data
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cleaning data
a process that makes the data uniform without changing its meaning
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citizen science
scientific research conducted in whole or part by distributed individuals, many of whom may not be scientists, who contribute relevant data to research using their own computing devices
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crowdsourcing
the practice of obtaining input or information from a large number of people via the Internet
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simulation
a representation that uses varying sets of values to reflect the changing state of a phenomenon