Substance Use and Addictive Disorders

These flashcards cover essential concepts related to substance use and addictive disorders, focusing on definitions, effects, and clinical considerations.

What is the definition of addiction?

A chronic, relapsing brain disease characterized by compulsive drug-seeking behavior motivated by cravings, despite harmful consequences.

What is co-dependency in the context of substance use?

Over-responsible, dysfunctional helping behavior towards a person who exhibits addictive behaviors, facilitating another person's addiction.

What does the CAGE screening tool assess?

It assesses four questions regarding a person's drinking behavior to identify potential alcohol use problems.

List the four C’s of addiction.

Compulsive behavior, Cravings, Chronic relapsing brain disorder, Cognitive impairment.

What are some common co-morbidities associated with substance use disorders?

Psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression.

What is the role of dopamine in addiction?

Dopamine regulates pleasure and pain and plays a major role in the limbic (reward) system, leading to compulsive use.

What is the legal limit for blood alcohol content (BAC) indicating intoxication?

0.08%.

What are the typical withdrawal symptoms of alcohol?

Irritability, anxiety, coarse hand tremors, elevated pulse, abdominal cramping, and potential seizures.

What effects does nicotine have as a substance?

It is highly addictive and can act as a stimulant, depressant, or tranquilizer, leading to various serious health conditions.

What is the significance of ‘binge drinking’ in the context of alcohol use?

It is the most common pattern of excessive alcohol use in the U.S., particularly among younger adults.

How does methamphetamine affect the central nervous system?

It is a highly addictive stimulant that has neurotoxic effects, destroying brain cells that contain dopamine and serotonin.

What are common signs of stimulant abuse?

Dilation of pupils, excessive motor activity, and dryness of the oronasal cavity.

What is the impact of parental separation on the risk of developing substance use disorders?

It is considered a psychosocial and cultural risk factor that can increase susceptibility.

What is the purpose of disulfiram in the treatment of alcohol use disorder?

It causes unpleasant effects when alcohol is consumed, helping to deter individuals from drinking.

What is the classification of natural substances and their role in substance use?

Natural substances such as morphine fall under opiates, used for pain relief.

What can excessive tobacco smoking lead to?

It is associated with chronic lung disease, coronary heart disease, and various cancers.

Who is most likely to experience alcohol use disorder according to recent statistics?

It is most commonly abused among individuals aged 18-34 years, with a significant rate of binge drinking.