neuro

Cranial Nerves

A set of twelve nerves that carry signals between the brain and the head, neck, and body.

Ischemic Stroke

A type of stroke that occurs when a blood vessel that supplies blood to the brain is obstructed.

Hemorrhagic Stroke

A type of stroke caused by bleeding in the brain due to the rupture of blood vessels.

Greatest Risk Factor for Stroke

Hypertension (high blood pressure) is the most significant modifiable risk factor for stroke.

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

A temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke, which lasts less than 24 hours and does not result in permanent damage.

Parkinson's Disease

A progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects movement, causing tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

An autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, characterized by the degradation of the myelin sheath.

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)

A scale used to assess a person's level of consciousness after a head injury, ranging from 3 (deep coma) to 15 (fully alert).

Cerebral Angiography

A procedure that uses dye and X-rays to see blood vessels in the brain.

Thrombolytic Therapy

A treatment for ischemic stroke that involves the administration of drugs to dissolve blood clots that block blood flow to the brain.

Anticoagulants

Medications that help prevent blood clots from forming or growing larger, often used in stroke prevention.

Carotid Endarterectomy

A surgical procedure to reduce the risk of stroke by correcting stenosis (narrowing) in the common carotid artery.

Cerebrovascular Disorder

Any condition that affects the blood vessels and blood flow in the brain.

Olfactory Nerve (CN I)

The first cranial nerve responsible for the sense of smell.

Ischemic Stroke: s/s

Numbness or weakness, confusion, trouble speaking, visual disturbances, difficulty walking.

Aphasia

A language disorder that affects a person's ability to communicate.

Dopamine

A neurotransmitter important for movement and coordination, often deficient in Parkinson's disease.

Macular Degeneration

A medical condition that primarily affects older adults and results in the loss of vision in the center of the visual field.

Cataracts

Clouding of the lens of the eye leading to decreased vision.

Glaucoma

A condition characterized by increased pressure in the eye, causing damage to the optic nerve.

Parkinson's Disease: Stages

The illness progresses through five stages, from unilateral tremors to the inability to walk or stand.

Blood-brain barrier

A protective shield that separates the circulating blood from the brain and extracellular fluid.

Neuro Assessment

An evaluation of the nervous system's health, assessing function, reflexes, and consciousness.

Risk Factors for Stroke

Including age, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation.

Antiplatelets

Medications that prevent blood cells called platelets from clumping together and forming a clot.

Seizure

An abnormal electrical discharge in the brain leading to a temporary disturbance in brain function.

Alzheimer's Disease

A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that causes memory loss, cognitive decline, and personality changes.

Neuropathy

A condition resulting from damage to the peripheral nerves, causing weakness, numbness, and pain.

Epilepsy

A neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures due to abnormal brain activity.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

A progressive motor neuron disease that leads to muscle weakness and atrophy.

Brain Tumor

An abnormal growth of cells in the brain that can be benign or malignant.

Spinal Cord Injury

Damage to the spinal cord that can result in loss of function, mobility, or sensation.

Huntington's Disease

A hereditary condition that causes the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain.

Myasthenia Gravis

An autoimmune disorder that affects communication between nerves and muscles, leading to muscle weakness.

Restless Legs Syndrome

A condition that causes an uncontrollable urge to move the legs, often accompanied by uncomfortable sensations.

Autonomous Nervous System

The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary bodily functions.