Nursing Video Notes - Priority Interventions, Diabetes Medications, Lab Monitoring, and Hormone Replacement

Vocabulary flashcards covering priority interventions, insulin regimens, pioglitazone monitoring, lab values, and adrenal replacement from the video notes.

Dextrose 50% (D50) IV bolus

A high-concentration glucose solution given IV to rapidly raise blood glucose during hypoglycemia.

Capillary blood glucose check every 15 minutes

Frequent bedside glucose monitoring to assess response after hypoglycemia treatment.

Oral carbohydrate (orange juice, 4 oz)

Quick-acting carbohydrate used to treat mild hypoglycemia in alert patients.

Glucagon (subcutaneous)

Hormone used to raise blood glucose in severe hypoglycemia when oral glucose is not possible.

Side-lying (turn client on their side)

Position to protect airway and reduce aspiration risk during vomiting or decreased consciousness.

Glargine insulin

Long-acting basal insulin that provides steady insulin levels over 24 hours.

Lispro insulin

Rapid-acting insulin given before meals to manage postprandial glucose rise.

Abdominal insulin injection site

Common injection site due to reliable absorption for insulin administration.

Pioglitazone

Thiazolidinedione (TZD) oral antidiabetic that improves insulin sensitivity; monitor for weight gain and liver effects.

Weight gain with pioglitazone

Possible adverse effect of TZD therapy often related to fluid retention and fat gain.

ALT (alanine aminotransferase)

Liver enzyme used to screen for hepatocellular injury; monitored with certain diabetes meds like pioglitazone.

LDL (low-density lipoprotein)

“Bad” cholesterol; lipid levels monitored as part of cardiovascular risk assessment in diabetes.

Hydrocortisone

Glucocorticoid used for hormone replacement in chronic adrenal (adrenocortical) insufficiency.

Chronic adrenocortical insufficiency

Long-term cortisol deficiency requiring lifelong steroid replacement therapy.

Replacement therapy medications

Drugs used to substitute deficient hormones, such as hydrocortisone in adrenal insufficiency.

Adverse effects of pioglitazone

Potential side effects include weight gain, edema, and possible liver toxicity; warrants monitoring.

Basal-bolus insulin regimen

Diabetes regimen using both long-acting (basal) and rapid-acting (bolus) insulins to mimic normal insulin release.

Injection technique: abdomen

Preferred site for insulin injections due to predictable absorption patterns.

Hypoglycemia management steps

Sequential actions to treat low blood sugar, including fast-acting carbs, IV dextrose, or glucagon as needed.

Thiazolidinedione (TZD)

Drug class including pioglitazone that improves insulin sensitivity; monitor weight, edema, and liver function.