Titrations 2

TITRATION

An analytical lab technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution (analyte) by reacting it with a precisely measured volume and concentration of a known solution (titrant)

TITRANT

The solution of known concentration and volume (dispensed from the buret) that is added to the analyte until the reaction is complete

ANALYTE

The solution of unknown concentration (typically in the flask) whose concentration is being determined by the titration

EQUIVALENCE POINT

The point in a titration where the moles of the titrant added are stoichiometrically equal to the moles of the analyte initially present, meaning the reaction is complete

ENDPOINT

The point in a titration where a visible physical change (such as a color change produced by an indicator) occurs, signaling that the equivalence point has been reached

INDICATOR

A substance added to the analyte solution that changes color abruptly at or near the equivalence point to signal the end of the titration

ACID-BASE TITRATION

A titration used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base, often monitored by a pH meter or a color-changing indicator like phenolphthalein

REDOX TITRATION

A titration that involves an oxidation-reduction reaction, often using a reagent (like KMnO4) that changes color itself when the reaction is complete, acting as its own indicator

PRECIPITATION TITRATION

A titration where the reaction between the titrant and analyte forms an insoluble solid (a precipitate), which can be used to signal the endpoint

BURET (BURETTE)

A highly accurate, graduated glass tube used to dispense the titrant into the analyte solution, allowing for precise measurement of the volume used

VOLUMETRIC PIPETTE

A highly accurate tool used to dispense a specific, fixed volume of the analyte (or a standard solution) into the titration flask

MOLARITY EQUATION (Titration)

The equation naMaVa = nbMbVb, used in stoichiometry to relate the known molarity and volume of one reactant to the unknown molarity of the other