Nationalism and Economic Development

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on Nationalism and Economic Development, addressing important events, policies, and social changes from the era.

What political party dominated during James Monroe's presidency?

The Democratic-Republican Party.

What were the three issues debated during the Era of Good Feelings?

1. The role of the federal government in the economy. 2. Expansion of slavery into new territories. 3. Internal improvements (roads, canals, infrastructure).

What was special about the Tariff of 1816?

It was the first protective tariff in U.S. history.

Why did Monroe veto federally funded internal improvements?

He believed only states, not the federal government, should fund them.

What was the Missouri Compromise of 1820?

Missouri was admitted as a slave state, Maine as a free state, and slavery was prohibited north of 36°30' latitude in the Louisiana Territory.

What were the three parts of Henry Clay's American System?

1. Protective tariffs. 2. National Bank. 3. Internal improvements (roads/canals).

What major event caused the Panic of 1819?

Overspeculation on land and mismanagement by the Second Bank of the U.S.

What was the significance of the Monroe Doctrine?

It was aimed at preventing European interference in the Americas.

Why did the South oppose the Tallmadge Amendment?

It threatened to ban slavery in Missouri and set a precedent for ending slavery in the West.

What were the factors that grew American industry during 1800-1820s?

Political (tariffs protected industry), Economic (capital investment), Technology (steam engines), Geography (rivers for power).

Who invented the cotton gin, and why is he important?

Eli Whitney; he sped up cotton processing and introduced interchangeable parts.

What is Sectionalism?

Loyalty to a specific region (North, South, or West) rather than the whole country.

What caused the increased immigration from 1830 to 1860?

Economic opportunities in factories and political instability in Europe.

What was the unique feature of slavery in the South known as 'The Peculiar Institution'?

It was viewed by Southerners as unique yet necessary for their economy.

What were Slave Codes?

Laws restricting enslaved people's rights, such as prohibiting education.

What two reasons led to the rapid doubling of the U.S. population?

High birth rates and immigration from Europe.

What was the main driver of the Southern economy?

Cotton, referred to as the 'Cotton Kingdom'.

What was the impact of the Erie Canal?

It connected the Great Lakes to the Hudson River, boosting trade.

Why did few immigrants settle in the South?

Slavery limited job opportunities, as the economy was plantation-based.

What was Nativism?

Anti-immigrant sentiment favoring 'native-born' Americans over foreigners.