Middle Ages English IV

What was the time period of the Middle Ages

1066-1500

What was another name for the Middle Ages

dark ages

what was the myth of the Middle Ages

romantic and had lots of royalty

manorialism

economic system (production and trade)

manor

small community around a central master

what houses were in the manor (4)

castle, church, village, and farmland

how were these manors placed

isolated

who visited manors (3)

peddlers, pilgrims and soldiers

what type of government was feudalism

decentralized

what economic position was the Middle Ages

self sufficient

what buildings made the manors self sufficient

mills, bake house, blacksmith

what is feudalism

political system (laws, policies, and government)

Lord

owns the land

vassal

granted possession of land by the lord

fief

land itself

who did the king give fiefs to

nobles, barons, and bishops

how were Catholicism and feudalism viewed

connected

what do vassals give in exchange for land

protection to the lord

Who was most important to least important on the feudalism triangle

king, lords, knights, peasants

what did the king gain from the lords (2)

loyalty and military aid

what did the lords gain from the king (2)

fiefs and peasants

what did the knights gain from the lords (3)

food, protection, shelter

what did the lords get from the knights (2)

respect and military service

what did the knights give to the peasants (3)

food, protection, shelter

what did the peasants give to the knights (2)

farm the land, rent

what percent of people are peasants

93

what are the 3 estates

first, second and third

what’s the first estate

church/clergy

whats the second estate

lords and knights

what’s the third estate

peasantry

what estates are male

1-3

what were the female estates

chaste, wife, and widow

who was in the burgeoning estate

intellectuals and middle class

when does the burgeoning estate show up

late 13 hundreds

who was the Magna Carta for

bad king John

when was the Magna Carta declared

1215

Who began the magna carta

barons that formed an alliance

what 2 things did the Magna Carta do

limit the kings power to tax and require trials by jury

what does it mean to require a trial by jury

the English monarch is subject to the law

what did peasants get in exchange for living and working

protection

what could peasants do that serfs couldn’t

marry and be educated if they could afford it

serfs

contracted labor

what else couldn’t serfs do

leave without approval

what were serfs required to do (2)

grew the crops and payed rent

where did peasants live

tiny houses with other families

what did peasants do in their houses

ate, slept and hung out together

how many rooms did the peasant houses have

1 or 2

what color are the peasants clothes

no color

what items of clothes did the peasants wear

stockings, tunics and boots

what did the peasant women wear

gowns and wimples

how were the outer clothes washed

rarely

how were the under garments washed

regularly

Who made peasant clothing

women

what did all women do

cook, bake bread, sew, weave and spin

what 2 jobs could a woman be

wife or nun

A lesser known job for women that includes sorcery and healing is what

witches

rarely but sometimes a woman could do this instead of a man

Hunt and fish

who was someone who hunted and fished

Joan of Arc

other jobs for women include (3)

midwife, farmer and artist

how were homes in the Middle Ages described

cold, damp and dark

the richer houses had what kind of floors

paved and decorated with tiles

The richer houses had what kind of art on the walls

tapestries what

what did the tapestries provide

insulation

some of the walls in the houses had this

windows

how big were the windows in the richer houses

very small

why were the windows in the richer houses small

Protection, easy to shoot out of and weather

what color did the wealthy people wear

any color

what types of clothing did the wealthy people wear (3)

hose, jacket, crazy shoes

was jewelry nice

yes it was lavish

what jewel became popular

diamonds

what can’t knights wear

rings

how were the rich peoples tunic garnished

silver and gold

sumptuary laws

visual difference in wealth

why was this period bad with medicine (3)

poor medicine, dense population and poor hygiene

How did they believe you got diseases (2)

miasmas or bad smells and sins of the soul

how did one of the reasons you got a disease effect the church

they went more

what are the four humors

fire, water, earth and air

what is the fire humor

yellow bile or choler wha

What Is the water humor

phlegm

what is the earth humor

black bile

what is the air humor

blood

what method of medicine did they practice

bloodletting

who did the bloodletting and how

barbers without anesthesia

what was the plague called

Black Death or bubonic

when did the plague arrive

1348

what were the worst years of the plague

1348-1350

what were the symptoms of the plague (4)

fever, ache, vomit blood and swollen lymph nodes

what color were your lymph nodes

blackish

how did the plague start

fleas on rats on a ship

how long did it take to die from the plague

3 days

what percent of the population died from the plague

30-40

when did the plague stop

1699

what did the plague set the stage for

renaissance

what was entertainment based on

the Bible

where was entertainment held

Outside churches

what was a popular instrument

organistrum or hurdy gurdy

by the end of the Middle Ages where does the entertainment place shift to

marketplace

by the end of the Middle Ages who puts on dramas

guilds

What was the main church

catholic

what are 2 things about the catholic churhc

they are super rich and part of the feudal system