4- etiology 2

What is the Socransky criteria? (5)

Associated with a disease- more pathogens at disease site

Eliminating pathogen should eliminate disease

Demonstrates a host response

Capable of causing disease in animal models

Demonstrates virulence factors

How is the type and number of specific microorganisms that colonise something determined by?

The type and quantity of nutrients there are- so oral ecosystem is dynamic

What is the difference between allogeneic and autogenic succession?

When change in bacterial composition is determined by environmental change (abiotic) vs change by biotic factors

When there is disease present, what can we see morphological,y under a microscope?

Periodontal pathogens are immobile bacilli, fewer cocci

What are the 3 main factors that cause periodontal disease?

Host susceptibility

Presence of pathogenic bacteria

What are some factors of host susceptibility?

Partially genetic- increased interleukin 1

Environment- smoking, stress, diabetes

Why do smokers suffer worse than healthier individuals with periodontal disease?

Have lower igg2 serum levels and antibodies against actinomyces , have lower implant success, heal worse

What are the key periodontal pathogens?

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Tannerella forsythia

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Treponema denticola

What are characteristics of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans?

facultative anaerobic bacillus, non-mobile, gram negative

Role in progressive destructive periodontitis

Genetic component

Large number of virulence factors

What are characteristics of Porphyromonas gingivalis?

anaerobic bacillus, non-mobile, gram negative

Related to chronic periodontitis

Absent or small numbers in healthy sites

What are characteristics of tannerella forsythia?

Gram negative anaerobic bacillus

Pleomorphic

In subgingival plaque, depp pockets, aggressive periodontitis

What are characteristics of fusobacetrium nucleatum?

In adult periodontitis

Produces infections in other body parts

More when it progresses

What are characteristics of spirochaetes?

Anaerobic gram negative mobile helical

Common in pockets, can cause necrotising form

How can some bacteria be beneficial?

Passively occupying a site that could be colonised by pathogens

Prevent pathogens ability to adhere

Affect pathogen growth

Affect pathogen to produce virulence factors

What is an example of a beneficial bacteria?

Streptococcus sangria- produces hydrogen peroxide

What viruses are related to periodontitis?

CMV, ebv, papilloma, herpes