Hypothalamic Hormones 1
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23 Terms
What are the 5 hormones the anterior pituitary release?
GH
TSH
ACTH
Gonadotropins (LH and FSH)
PRL
What are the 2 hormones the posterior pituitary releases?
Oxytocin
ADH (Vasopressin)
What does somatostatin do?
Inhibit the release of GHRH
What is produced in response to GnRH?
Gender hormones (KNOWT LET ME SAY THE S WORD PLEASE)
What type of receptors do GH and prolactin act on?
Tyrosine kinases
What type of receptors do adrenocortical steroids and gender steroids act on?
Intracellular receptors
What is the result of stimulating G protein-coupled receptors?
Increase in cAMP and calcium
What is the result of inhibiting G protein-coupled receptors?
Decrease in cAMP and calcium
Which hormone increases in levels as you become elderly and why?
Luteinizing hormone because there is less gender steroids to inhibit release
What is the result of Ghrelin release?
Hunger
GH release
What is the result of high levels of IGF-1?
Negative feedback loop on GHRH and GH
What is the result of Leptin?
Decrease appetite
What are the 4 effects GH have on the body?
Decrease insulin sensitivity
Lipolysis
Protein synthesis
Epiphysial growth
What are the 4 effects IGF-1 have on the body?
Insulin-like activity
Antilipolytic activity
Protein synthesis
Epiphysial growth
What are the 5 things that increase GH secretion?
GHRH
Hypoglycemia
Protein rich meals
Estrogen and androgens
Exercise
What are the 5 things that decrease GH secretion?
Somatostatin
IGF-1
High blood glucose
High free fatty acid in blood
Cortisol
What stimulates pubertal bone growth?
Gender steroids stimulating IGF-1 production
What is the result of excess prepubertal gender steroids?
Precocious puberty
Adult short stature
What is the cause of a tertiary endocrine disorder?
Hypothalamus doesn’t release hormones
What is the cause of secondary endocrine disorders?
Pituitary doesn’t respond to hypothalamic stimulatory factors
What is the cause of primary endocrine disorders?
Target organs aren’t responding to pituitary hormones
What type of disorder causes Laron dwarfism
Primary
How do you treat laron dwarfism?
IGF-1 injections