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Cold War
Conflict between US and USSR, 1945-90s, global influence struggle
Nuclear Arsenal Race
Competition to amass nuclear weapons stockpiles
Yalta Conference
1945 meeting dividing post-WWII Europe among Allies
Truman Doctrine
US policy to aid countries threatened by communism
Berlin Airlift
US flew in resources to West Berlin during blockade
Iron Curtain
Metaphorical divide between Western and Soviet blocs
Kuomintang (KMT)
Political party led by Chiang Kai-shek in China
Chinese Civil War
Conflict between communists and KMT in China
Great Leap Forward
Mao's initiative for communal farming in China
Cultural Revolution
Mao's campaign to purge Western influences in China
Deng Xiaoping
Chinese leader focused on economic reforms
Tiananmen Square Massacre
Government crackdown on pro-democracy protests in China
Korean War
Conflict between North and South Korea, 1950-53
Vietnam War
Conflict between North and South Vietnam, involving US
Khmer Rouge
Communist faction responsible for genocide in Cambodia
Cuban Revolution
Overthrow of Batista dictatorship by Fidel Castro
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Failed US-backed attempt to overthrow Castro in Cuba
Cuban Missile Crisis
Standoff between US and USSR over missiles in Cuba
Latin American Democratization
Political shifts in Latin America influenced by Cold War
Solidarity Movement
Polish workers' movement for economic reform
German Reunification
Reuniting of East and West Germany in 1989
Mikhail Gorbachev
Soviet leader who initiated reforms leading to USSR collapse
Ethnic Cleansing
Violent removal of ethnic groups, as seen in post-Soviet era
Soviet Union Disintegration
Occurred in 1991, leading to new constitutional democracies
Ethnic Cleansing in Balkans
Occurred post-Soviet disintegration, involving Muslim murders by Serbians
UN Troop Involvement
Resulted from Balkans ethnic cleansing, to maintain peace
Cold War End
Resulted in US emerging as the only superpower
Yeltsin Presidency
First president of new Russia, faced corruption and unemployment challenges
Putin Succession
Took over from Yeltsin in 1999, alternating between President and Prime Minister
Indian Independence Movements
Led by Indian National Congress and Muslim League, culminating in independence post-WWII
Amritsar Massacre
1919 event where British killed 319 Indians during a peaceful protest
Gandhi's Resistance Philosophy
Advocated passive resistance like boycotts and demonstrations
Partition of India
Resulted in the creation of Pakistan for Muslims
African Independence Movements
Led to the establishment of independent nations, post-European colonialism
Nasser's Influence
Inspired Islamic nationalists in the Mediterranean for independence
Algerian War for Independence
Fought against France from 1954-1962
Mandela's Leadership
Fought against apartheid, became first democratically elected president of South Africa
Sharpeville Massacre
Resulted in the African National Congress supporting guerrilla warfare
Creation of Modern Israel
Resulted in conflict with neighboring Muslim nations
Six-Day War
Resulted in Israel gaining control over Palestine
Camp David Accords
Signed by Egypt and Israel, recognizing Israel's right to exist
Palestine Liberation Organization
Dedicated to reclaiming land and establishing a Palestinian state
Iranian Revolution
Led to theocracy under Ayatollah Khomeini, reversing human rights advancements
Iran-Iraq War
Resulted from Iraq invading Iran over border disputes
Oil Reserves in Middle East
Led to the formation of OPEC for oil-exporting nations
OPEC Formation
Organized to regulate oil prices and production among member nations
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