Kinesiology Week 11: HIV/AIDS

what does HIV stand for?

human immunodeficiency virus

a virus that attacks the immune system and causes AIDS

HIV

is HIV deadly by itself?

no

when does the problem with HIV come?

when the virus weakens and depletes the immune system

what does HIV attach itself to and what does this do?

attaches to helper T-cells and destroys them

what happens when your T-cells are depleted?

your immune system is susceptible to other diseases

HIV can lie _________ for years

dormant

does HIV progress to AIDS slowly or quickly?

slowly

how long can HIV take to turn into AIDS?

less than 5 or as long as 15 years

infections that the body could fight off if the immune system were healthy

AIDs opportunistic illnesses

when do AIDS opportunistic illnesses usually develop?

only after the t-cell blood count drops below 200

what is healthy t-cell count?

between 800-1300

what are the only ways HIV can be transmitted?

when one's blood, semen, or vaginal secretions comes in contact with with another person's broken skin or mucous membranes

what 3 things can HIV be found in but the amount is too small to be considered dangerous?

sweat

tears

saliva

what are the 3 ways HIV is spread?

1. sexual intercourse/oral sex

2. sharing needles

3. from mom to baby

people with STDs are more vulnerable to HIV because STDs cause changes in the body's membranes (those changes increase HIV likelihood)

transmission by sexual intercourse/oral sex

why are ppl with STDs more vulnerable to HIV?

STDs cause changes in the body's membranes which increase HIV likelihood

anyone who uses a contaminated HIV needles lets it get into their bloodstream

sharing needles

what are some examples of sharing needles

drugs

tattoos

body piercings

a pregnant mom infected with HIV can pass it to her unborn baby through what 3 things?

the umbilical cord

childbirth

breastfeeding

what can a pregnant person do to MAYBE prevent their kid from getting HIV?

take certain medications

how many stages does HIV go through before it progresses into AIDS?

4

what are the 4 stages HIV goes through?

asymptomatic

middle

symptomatic

AIDS stage

what does AIDS stand for?

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

how is HIV diagnosed?

through 2 tests

what 2 tests are used to diagnose HIV?

the ELISA test(twice) and then the Western blot test

Name the stage:

-can last for 10 years or more

-virus is largely confined to the lymph nodes, where it invades and takes over helper T cells.

-no outward signs of infection

asymptomatic stage

Name the stage:

-occurs in 40-70% of infected patients, Experience fever, headache, sore throat, rash, diarrhea, and enlarged lymph nodes

middle stage

Name the stage:

-helper T cells fall to 200-400

-patient experiences flu-like symptoms including headache, fever, body aches, swollen glands, diminished appetite, weigh loss, and skin rashes

symptomatic stage

Name the stage:

-helper T cells drop to less than 200, or one or more AIDS-opportunistic illnesses are present

AIDS stage

when is the patient is in the final stage of HIV and is said to have AIDS?

When the virus has destroyed or impaired most of the immune system's WBCs

the first test used to see if antibodies are present in the blood

ELISA

-the antibodies your immune system creates in response to the HIV virus may not appear in your blood until how long after infection?

3-6 months after infection

does a negative test for HIV mean you're not infected?

not necessarily bc the antibodies can form up to 6 months after infection

why is the western blot test done?

to confirm two positive ELISAs tests

what are some ways to prevent HIV/Aids transmission?

-abstain from sex

-don't share needles

-avoiding unscreened blood products

-avoiding blood of people with HIV

what geographical area is HIV/AIDS most common in?

africa