history test New republic

Amendment l (1)

speech, press, peacebly assembly, petition for redress, establishment of religion

Amendment ll (2)

right to keep and bear arms in order to maintain a well regulated militia

Amendment lll (3)

no quartering or soldiers

Amendment lV (4)

search and seizures

Amendment V (5)

right to due process of law, freedom from self incrimination, double jepordy

Amendment VI (6)

rights of accused persons, right to a speedy and public trial

Amendment VII (7)

right of trial by jury in civil cases (sets monetary limits on midemeanors and crimes)

Amendment VIII (8)

Freedom from excessive bail, cruel, and usual punishments (crimes,fines,bails should all match)

Amendment IX (9)

Others right of the people (if it stated in the constitution the government cant change it)

Amendment X (10)

powers reserved to the states

Limited Government

a theory of governance in which the government only has those powers delegated to it by law, often through a written constitution

Republicanism

political ideology that encompasses a range of ideas from civic virtue, political partcipation, harms of corruption, positives of mixed constitution

Checks and balances

The seperation of power in the government

Federalism

the division and sharing or power between the national and state government

seperation of powers

The division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercises the core functions of another

Popular sovereignty

government based on the consent of the people

Articles of confederations

1. Drafted by John Dickinson in Philly

2. Modified by congress to give power to each individual state

3. Adopted by congress in 1777

4. Ratified by states in 1781

5. established a unicameral body- central governement

6. each state given one vote- 9 out of 13 required to pass

7. Amending had to be unanimous

Powers given to congress

1. wage war

2. make treaties

3. send diplomatic representatives overseas

4. borrow money

Powers not given

1. power to regulate trade

2. power to collect taxes- in order to get money congress had to wait on taxes voted by each state.

3. Power to enforce laws

Accomplishments of the Articles of confederation

1. Helped win the war- negotiated the treaty of paris

2. Land ordinance of 1785- policy for surveying and selling land: each township had to set aside one section of land for public education

3. Northwest ordinance 1787- rules were set for creating new states in the territory between the great lakes and the onto river; territories got limited self-government and now slavery allowed

What were the arguments for and against the bill of rights?

Antifederalists argued that a bill of rights was necessary because, the supremacy clause in combination with the necessary and proper and general welfare clauses would allow implied powers that could endanger rights. Federalists rejected the proposition that a bill of rights was needed because each state already had their own.

First Key issue of the Constituion

How do we pick representatives?

(1) Virginia plan- James madison

• two house

• based on population

• strong national government

(2) New Jersey plan- Patterson

• 1 house

• Every state respresented equally

(3) Great compromise (connecticut plan)- Roger sherman

• Two house- senate + house of representatives

• equal representation

2nd key issue of the constution

Slavery

(1) 3/5’s Compromise

• 3/5’s of a person

• 20 years hold (1808)

3rd issue of the constitution

Trade

(1) regulation?

Commerical compromise

• Regulate
  (can)

• Tarrif (foreign)

4th issue of the constitution

Presidency

(1) terms? (how long does president get to be) life?

• 4 year term — unlimited

(2) electors