Vocab 16.1-16.4 and savvas quizzes for non honors

Entente

A non-binding agreement to follow common policies; in WWI, it refers to the Triple Entente alliance of France, Britain, and Russia.

Militarism

The glorification of the military and a belief in building up strong armed forces to prepare for war.

Alsace and Lorraine

A region between France and Germany that was contested, especially during WWI; originally taken by Germany in 1871 and returned to France after WWI.

Ultimatum

A final set of demands; refusal may lead to serious consequences, like war.

Mobilize

To prepare and organize troops for active service in war.

Neutrality

The policy of not taking sides in a war or conflict.

Stalemate

A situation in which neither side can win; common in trench warfare during WWI.

Zeppelin

A large German airship used for reconnaissance and bombing during WWI.

U-Boat

German submarine used to disrupt Allied shipping, especially in the Atlantic Ocean.

Convoy

A group of ships traveling together for protection, especially against U-boat attacks.

Dardanelles

A vital strait in Turkey that was the site of a failed Allied campaign during WWI.

T.E. Lawrence

Also known as Lawrence of Arabia; a British officer who helped lead Arab revolts against the Ottoman Empire during WWI.

Total War

A war that involves the complete mobilization of resources and people, affecting the lives of all citizens in the warring countries.

Conscription

Mandatory enlistment of people into the armed forces; also known as a military draft.

Self Determination

The right of people to choose their own form of government or national allegiance.

Armistice

An agreement to stop fighting; the WWI armistice was signed on November 11, 1918.

Collective Security

The cooperation of several countries in an alliance to strengthen the security of each.

Mandate

A territory administered by a Western power after WWI under the League of Nations.

Reparation

Payments made by a defeated country to compensate for damage caused during war; Germany was required to pay reparations after WWI.

Proletariat

The working class, especially in Marxist theory; seen as the group that would rise in revolution.

Soviet

A workers' or soldiers' council in Russia, particularly influential during the Russian Revolution.

Cheka

The Soviet secret police, formed by Lenin to suppress counter-revolutionaries.

Commissar

A Communist party official assigned to the military to teach party principles and ensure loyalty.

Vladimir Lenin

Leader of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia; head of the Soviet state after the 1917 revolution.

What role did women play in the war effort during World War I?

They worked in war industries, manufacturing weapons and supplies.

What event in 1917 most benefited the Allies?

The United States declared war against Germany.

Which of the following was an effect of Allied defeats and high casualty rates on the Eastern Front ?

Russia experienced a revolution and dropped out of the war.

Which principle of Wilson's Fourteen Points did the mandate system counteract?

self-determination

Why was the League of Nations significant?

It was the first attempt to create an organization where nations worked together for peace.

How was imperialism a cause of World War I?

Rivalry over overseas territories increased tensions in Europe.

How did French nationalism increase tensions in Europe?

France wanted Alsace and Lorraine, under German control, to be returned to France.

What is one way in which militarism influenced the nations of Europe prior to World War I?

Militarism contributed to a European arms race.

Why was the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand important?

It caused Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia.

Germany, France, and Russia were drawn into the war between Austria-Hungary and Serbia as a result of the

alliance system.

Which factor was a cause of BOTH revolutions in Russia in 1917?

Russia's involvement in World War I

Lenin believed that a socialist revolution could succeed in Russia if

a small group of dedicated revolutionaries controlled the government.

What was the result of the Allies' intervention in Russia's civil war?

The Reds appealed to nationalism and urged Russians to drive out the foreigners.

After the Communists won the civil war, they decided to

allow the Communist party to rule as a dictatorship.

In contrast to Lenin's "war communism," his New Economic Policy of 1921

allowed small businesses to reopen for private profit.

Trench warfare led to a stalemate on the Western Front because

it was difficult for either side to launch a successful offensive.

How did new military technology influence the fighting in World War I?

It increased the number of casualties.

What is one way Russia's lack of industrialization impacted the war?

Russia lost battles because it was not able to supply its troops effectively.

How did the entrance of the Ottoman empire on the side of the Central Powers affect the war?

The Allies lost a valuable supply line to Russia.

How were European colonies involved in the war?

They provided the European powers with manpower and materials.