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What is the primary focus of qualitative research according to Hurst (2023)?

Understanding phenomena through textual/narrative data, exploring meanings and contexts.

How does quantitative research differ from qualitative research as per Merriam & Tisdell (2015)?

Quantitative research focuses on measuring variables and testing relationships using numerical data.

What are the four characteristics of qualitative research identified by Merriam & Tisdell (2015)?

1. Focus on meaning/interpretation. 2. Researcher as primary instrument. 3. Inductive process. 4. Rich, holistic descriptions.

What was the significance of the period from March 1942 to February 1943 according to Browning (1992)?

It was the peak of Holocaust deportations and mass killings.

What types of sources did Browning use in his research?

Trial testimonies, postwar interrogations, and Battalion records.

What are primary sources and their examples according to the lecture notes?

Direct evidence such as diaries and trial records.

What was Trapp’s offer in Browning's study and what was its impact?

Trapp allowed men to opt out of the Józefów massacre; only 10-20% refused, which emphasized individual agency.

How can documents be evaluated for research purposes?

By following steps such as identifying sources, authenticating/evaluating, and analyzing content.

According to Browning, what is one broader lesson regarding ordinary individuals and atrocities?

Ordinary people can commit atrocities under situational pressures such as group conformity and authority.

What is a key commonality between qualitative and quantitative research noted by King et al. (2021)?

Both aim for valid causal inference through systematic, empirical methods.