english for criminology (iemand anders)

to put someone in jail synonyms:

incarcerate

a formal term often used in legal contexts

imprison

to confine someone in a prison

detain

to hold up or keep someone in custody, especially for a short period

lock up

a ordinary way of saying to put someone in prison

remand

to hold a suspect in custody while awaiting trial

consign to prison

a more formal way to express the act of imprisoning

put behind bars

a common idiomatic expression for imprisoning

take into custody

a phrase often used by law enforcement when initially detaining someone

confine

to restrict someon's freedom

someone who has commited a crime synonyms:

culprit

often usef to refer to a person responsible for a crime or misdemeanor

delinquent

commonly used for minor crimes, especially those commited by young people

malefactor

a formal term for someone who commits a crime or some other wrong

wrongdoer

a broad term that can apply to anyone who does something illegal or immoral

felon

specifically refers to someone who has committed a felony, a serious crime

convict

a person found guilty of a crime and serving a sentence in prison

miscreant

a term that implies deeply immoral or wicked behavior

transgressor

someone who violates a law or command

outlaw

HISTORICALLY: used to describe someone litterly outside the law's protection

NOW: often refers to someone involved in criminal activities

perpetrator

commonly used in the context of discussing the person who commited a specific crime

violator

someone who violates a particular law or regulation (formal)

offender

a general term for someone who has commited a crime

lawbreaker

a word that emphasizes the act of breaking the law (person)

jail

a place of detention where individuals are held either before trial or serving short sentece, typically for misdemeonours or lesser offenses

prison

a facility that houses individuals who have been convicted of serious crimes, typically, serving longer senteces

bail

a sum of money or form of property that is deposited to a court to ensure that the accused will return for their trial after being released from custody

probation

an alternative to imprisonment allowing a person found guilty of an offense to stay in the community, often under conditions and some kind of supervision (acid)

recidivism

the tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend

forensics

scientific methods and techniques to investigate crimes, especially in relation to the recovery and analysis of physical evidence

cold case

an investigation that has not been solved after considerable time but remains 'on the books' and may be reopened if new evidence appears or techniques of investigation become available

jailer / jailor

warder / warden

guard (USA)

a person who is in charge of a jail or prison for the supervision of inmates

acquittal/acquitted

• freed from a criminal charge by a verdict of not guilty

• a judgment of not guilty (vrijspraak) —> the legal decision that a defendant is not guilty of the charges against them, resulting in their release

to be complicit

to help someone else commit a crime

penalize

to punish / punishment for their wrong doing

prosecution

to officially accuse someone of committing a crime in a law court

prosecutor

a person, especially a public official, who institutes legal proceedings against someone.

subpoena

written document and command from the courts requiring a person to take a certain action like appearing as a witness / testimony or handing over a piece of evidence

affidavit

written statement confirmed by oath

defendant

an individual (or group) being sued or charged with a crime

dark figure

a term that describes the amount of unreported or undiscovered crime

unfathomable

impossible to understand (adjective)

bias

tendancy to allow personal opinions to vloud your judgement

index

something which shows how strong or common a condition or feeling is

electorate

all the people who are allowed to vote

intelligence

secret information

progenitor

a person who first thinks of something and then causes it to happen

disparagingly

in a critical and disrespectful way (adverb)

inimical

harmful or limiting

fraud

criminal deception intended to result in financial or personal gain

joyriding

the action or practice of driving fast and dangerously in a stolen car for enjoyment.

slander

the action or crime of making a false spoken statement damaging to a person's reputation.

libel

the act of publishing a false statement that is damaging to a person's reputation

arson/arsonist

the criminal act of deliberately setting fire to property

burglary/burglar

illegal entry of a building with intent to commit a crime, especially theft

rape

the crime of having sex with someone against their wishes

indecent assault

sexual aussault that does not involve rape

stabbing

an act or instance of wounding or killing someone with a knife

murder/murderer

the unlawful premeditated killing of one human being by another

mugging, mugger, to mug

an act of attacking and robbing someone in a public place

pickpocketing/pickpocket

the crime of stealing things out of people's pockets or bags, especially in a crowd

shoplifting

the action of stealing goods from a shop while pretending to be a customer

the illegal act of taking goods from a shop without paying for them

robbery/robber

the crime of stealing from somewhere or someone, accomplished through the use of physical force or fear

theft/thief

the action of crime of stealing;

juvenile offenders

young individuals who commit crimes (-18y)

ontoerekeningsvatbaar

mental order defense

comma point

NL: 5,4 & 40.000

EN: 5.4 & 40,000 (pronunciation: five point four & forty thousand)

expression: say that a person would never harm anybody else?

she/he wouldn't hurt a fly

expression: when parents of a child are separated (divorced) but both have legal responsibility for the care of their child, they have…?

shared custody

VERBS to describe an UPward trend

increase, rise

VERBS to describe DOWNward trend

drop, decline

NOUNS to describe an UPward trend

increase, improvement

NOUN to describe an DOWNward trend

slump

advers/adverbial expressions (which modify VERBS)

(increases) steadily; (drops) suddenly; (rises) sharply; (fluctuates) a lot

adjectives (which modify NOUNS)

medium (level); low (level); slight (increase); dramatic (improvement); steady (increase)

NOUN which means the highest part

peak

an expression to describe a constant trend

is steady

a verb to describe a period of variability in the trend

fluctuate

a verb to describe a return to a constant trend after a period of variablitity

even out

an expressions used to say that the first trend described came before the second trend described

followed by

defendant

an individual sued or accused in a court of law

plea

a formal statement by or on behalf of a defendant or prisoner, stating guilt or innocence in response to a charge, offering an allegation of fact, or claiming that a point of law should apply

sentenced

having received the punishment decided for (an offender)

principal suspect

the main person thought to be guilty of a crime or offence

indictable offence

a crime that a prosecutor can charge by bringing evidence of the alleged crime to a grand jury

fine

an amount of money that has to be paid as a punishment for not obeying a rule or law

immediate custody

imprisonment at once

offence committed

mistakes, crimes or immoral acts perpetrated or carried out

convicted

declared to be guilty of a criminal offense by the verdict of a jury or the decision of a judge in a court of law

arrest

the action of seizing someone and taking them into custody

offender

a person who commits an illegal act

suspect

a person thought to be guilty of a crime or offense

order

a command, instruction, or direction by the court or by a judge intended to adjudicate some point or to direct some step in a legal proceeding