crim 123 exam4-Situational Crime Prevention and Displacement

What is the three-part definition of Situational Crime Prevention (SCP)?

Efforts directed at specific forms of crime, involving management, design, or manipulation of the environment to reduce opportunities and increase risks.

What are some actions that SCP is NOT focused on?

Deterring crime with severe penalties, rehabilitating offenders, hiring more police, and temporary police crackdowns.

What assumption does SCP make about decision-making in crime?

Individuals make calculated decisions about crime based on multiple factors, and emotions can influence these decisions.

What are some criticisms of Situational Crime Prevention?

Overlapping categories of activities, diversion from root causes of crime, promotion of exclusionary society, potential restriction of personal freedoms, and victim-blaming.

What principle of SCP involves making it more likely that an offender will be caught?

Increasing risk, such as installing CCTV cameras or improving street lighting.

What principle of SCP aims to make it harder to commit a crime?

Increasing effort, like adding locks or using access control systems.

How does SCP aim to reduce the reward for committing a crime?

By making crime less beneficial, such as using ink tags on clothes or marking property with identification numbers.

What does the principle of limiting provocation in SCP entail?

Minimizing situations that may trigger offending behavior, such as avoiding overcrowding or playing calming music.

What is the goal of removing excuses in Situational Crime Prevention?

To eliminate justifications for offending by posting clear rules and enforcing codes of conduct.

What does the CRAVED framework stand for in relation to crime prevention?

Concealable, Removable, Available, Valuable, Enjoyable, Disposable.

What does 'concealable' refer to in the CRAVED framework?

Items that can be easily hidden, making them hard to identify after being stolen.

How does 'removable' relate to crime prevention?

Refers to items that are mobile and can be easily taken, like laptops compared to large TVs.

What does 'available' mean in the context of the CRAVED framework?

Items that are easy to find and have a large presence in the community, like popular car models.

What does 'valuable' signify in the CRAVED framework?

Items that can be traded for cash or have symbolic value, earning status among peers.

What does 'enjoyable' indicate in the CRAVED framework?

Items that are more fun to own or consume, making them more at risk of theft.

What does 'disposable' refer to in the CRAVED framework?

Items that are easy to resell, such as jewelry or electronics.

What is the difference between displacement and diffusion in crime prevention?

Diffusion means crime is prevented and non-targets benefit, while displacement means crime is not prevented but merely moved.

What is an example of territorial displacement?

Crime moves from one area to a nearby area, such as burglars avoiding a neighborhood watch area.

What is temporal displacement?

A shift in crime from one time to another, like burglars targeting morning hours after citizen patrols start at night.

What is tactical displacement?

A change in methods used in committing a crime, such as burglars using windows after deadbolt locks are distributed.

What does target displacement involve?

An offender choosing a different victim within the same area, like burglars avoiding a house with a security system.

What is functional/offense type displacement?

An offender stops committing one type of crime and shifts to another, like moving from burglary to robbery.

What is perpetrator displacement?

When one offender ceases criminal activity, only to be replaced by another, such as a new burglar emerging after the old one quits.

What are the three pieces needed when testing for displacement?

1. Designate target area, 2. Designate displacement/diffusion areas, 3. Designate control area.

What is a key truth about displacement in crime prevention?

Even when displacement is found, the level of displacement is typically much smaller than the total decrease in crime.