Abnormal Psych (Practice Exams 1-8)

A woman and her husband, who have been married for two years, present for marital therapy. The woman complains about her husband's lack of interest in family activities and in their 9-month-old child, his lack of affection toward her, and his lack of interest in sex. The husband, who says he did not want to come to therapy at all, states that he is a "loner," that he has always had few friends, and that he has never really been interested in his family. He seems quite aloof and emotionally unresponsive. Your tentative diagnosis is:

A. Avoidant Personality Disorder.

B. Schizoid Personality Disorder.

C. Schizoaffective Disorder.

D. Schizotypal Personality Disorder.

B. Schizoid Personality Disorder.

Research investigating high-risk situations associated with relapse for a variety of addictive and other problem behaviors has shown that which of the following accounts for nearly three-fourths of relapse incidents?

Select one:

A. Urges and temptations

B. Negative and positive emotional states and negative physical states

C. Social pressure, interpersonal conflicts, and negative physical states

D. Negative emotional states, interpersonal conflicts, and social pressure

D. Negative emotional states, interpersonal conflicts, and social pressure

A 16-year-old suddenly exhibits a change in behavior that includes irritability, concentration problems at school, a decreased need for sleep, and increased sexual behavior. The boy's mother says that he has had behavioral problems at school for the past few years but that his current symptoms are new and developed about ten days ago. Based on this information, the most likely diagnosis is:

A. ADHD.

B. Conduct Disorder.

C. Bipolar I Disorder.

D. Bipolar II Disorder.

C. Bipolar I Disorder.

A 35-year old client has a history of relationship problems. Although he usually makes a good first impression, his friendships don't last very long. He attributes this problem to the fact that other people are jealous of what he has accomplished. The client has a great idea that will "revolutionize the field of telemarketing," but, so far, no one has recognized the potential importance of his contribution. He left his wife six months ago and spends very little time with his two-year old son. He has been busy "doing what he wants to do," which has included moving into an expensive condominium, buying a new sports car, and dating as many attractive women as possible. These characteristics are most suggestive of:

A. Histrionic Personality Disorder.

B. Narcissistic Personality Disorder.

C. Schizotypal Personality Disorder.

D. Delusional Disorder, grandiose type.

B. Narcissistic Personality Disorder.

Restlessness, psychomotor agitation, flushed face, diuresis, rambling speech, and muscle twitching are most suggestive of which of the following?

Select one:

A. Alcohol Withdrawal

B. Caffeine Intoxication

C. Cocaine Intoxication

D. Hyperthyroidism

B. Caffeine Intoxication

A person diagnosed with Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is most likely to exhibit which of the following symptoms?

A. Overeating and weight gain

B. Loss of appetite without weight loss

C. Insomnia

D. A craving for salty foods

A. Overeating and weight gain

Linehan's (1993) dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for Borderline Personality Disorder is based on the assumption that this disorder is due to:

Select one:

A. a boundary disturbance.

B. learned helplessness.

C. emotion dysregulation.

D. pathological internalized object relations.

C. emotion dysregulation.

A dimensional approach to diagnosis is based on the ________ of attributes.

Select one:

A. quantification

B. categorization

C. exclusion

D. dichotomization

A. quantification

John Conger (1956) offered the tension-reduction model of alcohol consumption as an explanation for:

Select one:

A. satiation.

B. habituation.

C. addiction.

D. tolerance.

C. addiction.

__________ is a cause of delirium and may result from kidney or liver failure or diabetes mellitus, hypo or hyperthyroidism, vitamin deficiency, electrolyte imbalance, severe dehydration, or many other conditions.

Select one:

A. Gerstmann's syndrome

B. Cushing's syndrome

C. Wernicke's encephalopathy

D. Metabolic encephalopathy

D. Metabolic encephalopathy

Maxine M. states she believes that messages on a particular radio station are being broadcast especially to her. Maxine is displaying which of the following?

Select one:

A. Illusion

B. Hallucination

C. Delusion

D. Blocking

C. Delusion

To assign a diagnosis of a Personality Disorder to someone under the age of 18, the features must be present for at least:

Select one:

A. one month.

B. six months.

C. one year.

D. two years.

C. one year.

During the postpartum period, approximately _____ of women experience postpartum depression.

Select one:

A. 1 to 2%

B. 10 to 15%

C. 25 to 30%

D. 45 to 50%

B. 10 to 15%

Cataplexy is often triggered by which of the following?

Select one:

A. Smells associated with a traumatic event

B. Physical fatigue

C. Strong emotions

D. Stimuli associated with a feared object or event

C. Strong emotions

Based on the initial evaluation of a 15-year-old boy, a clinician believes the nature and number of his symptoms suggest a DSM-5 diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, predominantly inattentive presentation. Before assigning the diagnosis, the clinician will want to confirm that the same symptoms were present before the boy was _____ years of age and that he exhibits them in at least _____ settings.

Select one:

A. 7; 2

B. 12; 2

C. 6; 3

D. 10; 3

B. 12; 2

As described in the DSM-5, _______________ is the likely diagnosis for an adult client who has experienced a depressed mood, a poor appetite, and impaired concentration for most of the day on most days for over two years.

Select one:

A. Dysthymic Disorder

B. Mood Disorder NOS

C. Persistent Depressive Disorder

D. Unspecified Depressive Disorder

C. Persistent Depressive Disorder

Which of the following suggests that a DSM-5 diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa is more appropriate than a diagnosis of Bulimia Nervosa?

Select one:

A. The presence of episodes of binging and purging

B. A disturbance in body image

C. Menstrual irregularities

D. Persistent restriction of energy intake

D. Persistent restriction of energy intake

Your new client, a college freshman, says she sometimes has an "out of body" experience in which she is watching what she is doing from outside herself. She describes a recent experience in which she was in her dorm room writing a paper when she realized she couldn't feel her fingers on the computer keyboard or her feet on the floor and then suddenly felt like she was watching herself from the ceiling. The client says that these episodes make her feel like she is "going crazy" and are interfering with her ability to attend class and complete course assignments. The client's symptoms are most suggestive of a DSM-5 diagnosis of:

Select one:

A. Delusional Disorder.

B. Dissociative Fugue.

C. Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder.

D. Depersonalization Disorder.

C. Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder.

The DSM-5 requires which of the following for a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Select one:

A. An onset of symptoms at three years of age

B. An onset of symptoms during the early developmental period

C. Apparent normal development for at least six months followed by a loss of previously acquired skills

D. Apparent normal development for at least two years followed by a loss of previously acquired skills

B. An onset of symptoms during the early developmental period

The most likely DSM-5 diagnosis for a person who experiences pelvic pain during sexual intercourse that causes significant distress and cannot be better explained by a non-sexual mental disorder, relationship distress, or a medical condition is which of the following?

Select one:

A. Dyspareunia

B. Vaginismus

C. Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder

D. Other Specified Sexual Dysfunction

C. Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder

Renaldo, age 20, is afraid his boss will fire him from his job as an inventory stocker at a large warehouse because he frequently "loses track" of inventory and does not follow-through on his boss's instructions. He says he has always been forgetful and never did well in school because he had a hard time focusing on his schoolwork. Based on this information, the best DSM-5 diagnosis for Renaldo is which of the following?

Select one:

A. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, combined presentation

B. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, in partial remission

C. Other Specified Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, with insufficient inattention symptoms

D. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, predominantly hyperactive/impulsive presentation

C. Other Specified Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, with insufficient inattention symptoms

The essential feature of Oppositional Defiant Disorder is a recurrent pattern of an angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness as evidenced by at least four symptoms that are exhibited during interactions with:

Select one:

A. at least one person who is not a sibling.

B. at least one person who is a sibling.

C. at least one parent or teacher.

D. at least one authority figure.

A. at least one person who is not a sibling.

According to research, which of the following is the strongest predictor of Intellectual Disability, with an unknown etiology?

Select one:

A. Maternal health

B. Female gender

C. Low birth weight

D. Large family size

C. Low birth weight

A 12-year-old boy's mother says her son is very argumentative, doesn't do what he is asked to do, and frequently bullies and threatens his sister and classmates at school. Also, in the past year, the boy has skipped school at least a half dozen times, ran away from home for two days on three different occasions, and was expelled from school for throwing a rock through a school window. The mother has been divorced for four years, and she says that these problems started several months after she remarried two years ago. Based on these symptoms, the most likely diagnosis for the boy is:

Select one:

A. Child or Adolescent Antisocial Behavior.

B. Adjustment Disorder with disturbance of conduct.

C. Oppositional Defiant Disorder.

D. Conduct Disorder.

D. Conduct Disorder.

As described in the DSM-5, which of the following are symptoms of Stimulant Intoxication?

Select one:

A. Nystagmus, numbness, and muscle rigidity

B. Blurred vision, tremor, and depressed reflexes

C. Pupillary dilation, nausea, and muscular weakness

D. Fatigue, increased appetite, and vivid dreams

C. Pupillary dilation, nausea, and muscular weakness

Use of which of the following substances is NOT likely to produce a Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder?

Select one:

A. Alcohol

B. Cannabis

C. Cocaine

D. Opioids

D. Opioids

Symptoms of Alcohol Withdrawal include:

Select one:

A. dysphoric mood, vivid dreams, insomnia or hypersomnia, and increased appetite.

B. hand tremor, insomnia, hallucinations, and seizures.

C. incoordination, nystagmus, impaired memory, and mood lability.

D. dysphoric mood, pupillary dilation, insomnia, and fever.

B. hand tremor, insomnia, hallucinations, and seizures.

Most older adults who complete suicide have a psychiatric disorder at the time of their death, with __________ being the most common diagnosis.

Select one:

A. Major Depressive Disorder

B. Substance Use Disorder

C. Major Neurocognitive Disorder

D. Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A. Major Depressive Disorder

In considering a DSM-5 diagnosis, older adults are at particularly high risk for ________, with increasing risk associated with medical illness and surgery.

Select one:

A. depersonalization

B. derealization

C. dementia

D. delirium

D. delirium

A young woman has just received a diagnosis of Schizophrenia. Which of the following family members is most likely to receive the same diagnosis?

Select one:

A. Her father

B. Her grandmother

C. Her identical twin

D. Her biological brother

C. Her identical twin

In its early stages, Alzheimer's disease shares several characteristics with Korsakoff's syndrome. Specifically, both disorders are characterized by:

Select one:

A. anterograde amnesia that affects declarative memories but not procedural memories.

B. anterograde amnesia that affects both declarative and procedural memories.

C. retrograde amnesia for recent and remote declarative (but not procedural) memories.

D. retrograde amnesia for recent (but not remote) declarative and procedural memories.

A. anterograde amnesia that affects declarative memories but not procedural memories.

Adults with ADHD tend to have problems related to social relationships and, compared to peers without ADHD:

Select one:

A. they have poorer health outcomes but higher educational and occupational achievement.

B. they have better health outcomes but lower educational and occupational achievement.

C. they have similar health outcomes and similar educational and occupational achievement.

D. they have poorer health outcomes and lower educational and occupational achievement.

D. they have poorer health outcomes and lower educational and occupational achievement.

Research investigating the efficacy of phototherapy as a treatment for Seasonal Affective Disorder has generally found that it is:

Select one:

A. substantially less effective than antidepressant drugs.

B. an effective treatment and produces results comparable to those produced by antidepressant drugs.

C. effective only when administered in conjunction with a low- to moderate-dose of an antidepressant drug.

D. effective only for individuals who have atypical symptoms.

B. an effective treatment and produces results comparable to those produced by antidepressant drugs.

The presence of which of the following symptoms would be more suggestive of a diagnosis of Caffeine-Induced Anxiety Disorder than Caffeine Intoxication?

Select one:

A. Tachycardia or cardiac arrhythmia

B. Psychomotor agitation

C. Panic attacks

D. Rambling flow of thoughts and speech

C. Panic attacks

Recent research indicates that higher rates of Schizophrenia among African Americans are most likely attributable to:

Select one:

A. heredity.

B. family dynamics.

C. socioeconomic factors.

D. misdiagnosis of hallucinations and delusions.

D. misdiagnosis of hallucinations and delusions.

The use of Haloperidol or other dopamine blocking agent for the treatment of Tourette's Disorder:

Select one:

A. is uncommon since these drugs are rarely effective for alleviating tics.

B. can be problematic in many cases because of the severe side effects of these drugs.

C. is contraindicated because these drugs exacerbate tics in most patients.

D. should be considered only in the presence of psychotic symptoms.

B. can be problematic in many cases because of the severe side effects of these drugs.

Intense narcoleptic "sleep attacks" are often accompanied by:

Select one:

A. cataplexy.

B. dyskinesia.

C. ataxia.

D. muscular rigidity.

A. cataplexy.

Researchers have linked depression to:

Select one:

A. decreased REM latency and increased REM density.

B. decreased REM latency and decreased REM density.

C. increased REM latency and increased REM density.

D. increased REM latency and decreased REM density.

A. decreased REM latency and increased REM density.

The diagnosis of Cyclothymic Disorder requires a minimum duration of symptoms for:

Select one:

A. one year in adults and eight months in children and adolescents.

B. one year in adolescents and adults and six months in children.

C. two years in adults and one year in children and adolescents.

D. two years in adolescents and adults and one year in children.

C. two years in adults and one year in children and adolescents.

A 58-year-old woman presents to your mental health clinic with her husband. She seems agitated and during your interview with her, she paces back and forth and engages in frequent handwringing. The woman says she's been feeling very sad and hopeless, and she also tells you that she thinks her next-door neighbor has tried to poison her food several times because she has been so unfriendly toward him, although the husband confirms this is untrue. The woman's husband says that his wife has been gradually losing interest in her usual activities over the past several weeks but that her symptoms became worse a few days ago. Based on this information, the most likely diagnosis is:

Select one:

A. Major Depressive Disorder.

B. Schizoaffective Disorder.

C. Bipolar II Disorder.

D. Delusional Disorder.

A. Major Depressive Disorder.

The presence of which of the following would suggest that the appropriate diagnosis is Social Anxiety Disorder rather than Agoraphobia?

Select one:

A. Fear of humiliation or embarrassment in social situations

B. Increased anxiety in feared situations when accompanied by a trusted companion

C. Anxiety is perceived as excessive and temporarily controllable

D. An absence of the physiological symptoms associated with a panic attack

B. Increased anxiety in feared situations when accompanied by a trusted companion

Two weeks after witnessing the murder of a co-worker, Mrs. Cee develops many symptoms, including a sense of detachment, flashbacks of the event, sleep problems, impaired concentration, a depressed mood, and an unwillingness to talk about the murder. She has had these symptoms for seven days. Based on these symptoms, the most likely diagnosis is:

Select one:

A. PTSD.

B. Brief Psychotic Disorder.

C. Acute Stress Disorder.

D. Conversion Disorder.

C. Acute Stress Disorder.

Interventions for individuals diagnosed with Conduct Disorder are most effective when:

Select one:

A. they are combined with CBT or DBT.

B. they begin during adolescence and include CBT.

C. they begin before adolescence and include family interventions.

D. they are combined with psychotropic medications.

C. they begin before adolescence and include family interventions.

A new client tells the clinician that she has been feeling "down in the dumps" and "completely worthless" for the last five or six days. She also says she is having trouble sleeping, has lost her appetite, and feels anxious "all the time." The client denies having previous mood problems and states that there are no specific stressors in her life. The client's symptoms are most suggestive of which of the following DSM-5 diagnoses?

Select one:

A. Major Depressive Disorder

B. Other Specified Depressive Disorder

C. Other Specified Anxiety Disorder

D. Major Depressive Episode, single episode

B. Other Specified Depressive Disorder

Which of the following is NOT included as an Alcohol-Related Disorder in the DSM-5?

Select one:

A. Alcohol Dependence

B. Alcohol Intoxication

C. Alcohol Withdrawal

D. Alcohol-Induced Major Neurocognitive Disorder

A. Alcohol Dependence

Which of the following is not a DSM-5 diagnostic criterion for Conversion Disorder?

Select one:

A. One or more symptoms that involve an alteration in sensory or motor functioning

B. Evidence of incompatibility between the symptoms and known medical conditions

C. Symptoms are not better explained by a medical condition or other mental disorder

D. Evidence that the symptoms are related to a psychological need or conflict.

D. Evidence that the symptoms are related to a psychological need or conflict.

A client tells a clinician that she is having "a lot of problems" with food. She states that she has been on numerous diets over the years and, even when she achieves her desired weight, she always gains it back. She says that she has been evaluated for medical problems such as hypothyroidism, but all the tests have been negative. When determining if the client's symptoms meet the criteria for Binge Eating Disorder or Bulimia Nervosa, the clinician should keep in mind that:

Select one:

A. binges are more severe in Binge Eating Disorder than in Bulimia Nervosa.

B. a disturbance in body image is not characteristic of Bulimia Nervosa.

C. compensatory behavior is not a requirement for Binge Eating Disorder.

D. a sense of a lack of control overeating during binges is not characteristic of Binge Eating Disorder.

C. compensatory behavior is not a requirement for Binge Eating Disorder.

For a diagnosis of Separation Anxiety Disorder, the DSM-5 requires symptoms of fear, anxiety, or avoidance that have lasted for at least __________ in children and adolescents or about __________ in adults.

Select one:

A. two weeks; four weeks

B. four weeks; six months

C. four weeks; six weeks

D. two months; eight months

B. four weeks; six months

A DSM-5 diagnosis of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder or Acute Stress Disorder requires the development of characteristic symptoms following exposure to:

Select one:

A. actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence

B. serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or others

C. one or more severe psychosocial stressors

D. a threat to the physical integrity of self or others

A. actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence

The core feature of the DSM-5 diagnosis of Gender Dysphoria is which of the following?

Select one:

A. Persistent preference for cross-gender roles

B. Strong desire to be treated as the opposite gender

C. Incongruence between assigned and experienced/expressed gender

D. Cross-gender identification

C. Incongruence between assigned and experienced/expressed gender

The DSM-5 classifies symptoms of Substance Use Disorders into which of the following categories?

Select one:

A. Impaired control, social impairment, risky use, and pharmacological criteria

B. Functional impairment, denial of consequences, impaired control, and pharmacological criteria

C. Impaired control, tolerance, withdrawal, and functional impairment

D. Functional impairment, tolerance and withdrawal, risky use, and marked distress.

A. Impaired control, social impairment, risky use, and pharmacological criteria

A DSM-5 diagnosis of Schizophrenia requires the presence of two or more active-phase symptoms during one month, with at least one symptom being ____________ plus continuous signs of disturbance for least six months.

Select one:

A. negative symptoms

B. disorganized speech or disorganized behavior

C. delusions or hallucinations

D. delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech

D. delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech

The intentional production of a physical symptom for the specific purpose of obtaining financial benefits is characteristic of which of the following?

Select one:

A. Malingering

B. Factitious Disorder

C. Conversion Disorder

D. Somatic Symptom Disorder

A. Malingering

A child with Oppositional Defiant Disorder is least likely to exhibit which of the following?

Select one:

A. Frequent conflicts with his/her parents

B. A high degree of physical aggression toward peers

C. Frequently blames others for his or her mistakes

D. Often loses temper

B. A high degree of physical aggression toward peers

The characteristic symptoms of Tobacco Withdrawal include all of the following except:

Select one:

A. irritability or anger

B. hypersomnia

C. impaired concentration

D. increased appetite

B. hypersomnia

Psychological autopsies indicate that about ____% of people who complete suicide meet the criteria for one or more mental disorders at the time of their death.

Select one:

A. 25

B. 55

C. 70

D. 90

D. 90

Cluster C Personality Disorders include which of the following Personality Disorders?

Select one:

A. Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal

B. Schizoid, Antisocial, and Narcissistic

C. Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic

D. Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive

D. Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive

In comparison to bilateral ECT, unilateral ECT to the right (nondominant) hemisphere:

Select one:

A. produces similar levels of anterograde and retrograde amnesia

B. produces greater anterograde amnesia for nonverbal tasks only

C. produces greater anterograde and retrograde amnesia for both verbal and nonverbal tasks

D. produces less anterograde amnesia for both verbal and nonverbal tasks

D. produces less anterograde amnesia for both verbal and nonverbal tasks

Individuals who are diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder fail to conform to social norms and:

Select one:

A. have a history of Conduct Disorder or Oppositional Defiant Disorder

B. have a history of Conduct Disorder before 12 years of age

C. have a history of Conduct Disorder before 15 years of age

D. do not have a history of Conduct Disorder

C. have a history of Conduct Disorder before 15 years of age

Research examining the relationship between mild depression and autobiographical memory has demonstrated that in comparison to the memories of people who are nondysphoric, the memories of people who are experiencing dysphoria are:

Select one:

A. less detailed and more negative

B. more detailed and more negative

C. less detailed and more neutral

D. more detailed and more neutral

A. less detailed and more negative

Initial steps in substance abuse treatment include which of the following?

Select one:

A. Helping the client develop awareness of the problem, increasing motivation to change, and addressing barriers to quitting

B. Helping the client develop acceptance, addressing barriers to quitting, and resolving ambivalence

C. A multimodal approach of motivational interviewing, CBT, and family interventions

D. Psychoeducation, increasing motivation to change, and family interventions

A. Helping the client develop awareness of the problem, increasing motivation to change, and addressing barriers to quitting

For a diagnosis of ADHD in a child, the DSM-5 requires:

Select one:

A. a minimum of six symptoms for at least six months.

B. a minimum of eight symptoms for at least four months.

C. a minimum of six symptoms for at least four months.

D. a minimum of eight symptoms for at least six months.

A. a minimum of six symptoms for at least six months.

Following the death of her pet cat, four-weeks ago, six-year-old Jane constantly follows and clings to her mother and becomes extremely upset whenever her mother leaves the house. Jane says she cannot go to school because she has a stomachache or other physical ailment. The most likely diagnosis for Jane is:

Select one:

A. Adjustment Disorder.

B. Reactive Attachment Disorder.

C. Separation Anxiety Disorder.

D. Acute Stress Disorder.

C. Separation Anxiety Disorder.

Regular use of morphine or other opioids can quickly result in the development of tolerance and dependence. When this occurs, abrupt cessation of the drug produces a withdrawal syndrome that is characterized by:

Select one:

A. blackouts and seizures.

B. flu-like symptoms.

C. rebound anxiety and rebound insomnia.

D. delirium tremens.

B. flu-like symptoms.

Researchers have linked high expressed emotion to a ___________ for several psychiatric disorders, including Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, and Eating Disorders.

Select one:

A. high risk for relapse

B. better response to pharmacotherapy

C. lower motivation for treatment

D. increased potential for misdiagnosis

A. high risk for relapse

Information on which of the following would be most useful for determining whether a client's impotence has a physiological or psychological etiology?

Select one:

A. The presence of nocturnal erections

B. The experience of pain during intercourse

C. The client's level of performance anxiety

D. The presence of diabetes

A. The presence of nocturnal erections

Naasir N. states that he often cannot keep himself from falling asleep during the day and, as a result, has injured himself several times at work. Moreover, he recently started taking the bus to work because he's afraid he will fall asleep while driving. He says that he often experiences weakness in his legs right before he falls asleep during the day and has vivid, sometimes frightening dreams just before he wakes up. Naasir says that he likes to have a few beers in the evening and on weekends but that this seems to increase his daytime sleepiness. He reports that he has very vivid dreams at night and usually wakes up several times each night but can quickly fall asleep again. Based on these symptoms, the most likely diagnosis for Naasir is:

Select one:

A. sleep apnea.

B. alcohol-induced sleep disorder.

C. primary hypersomnia.

D. narcolepsy.

D. narcolepsy.

A delusion of the erotomanic type is illustrated by which of the following?

Select one:

A. A woman is convinced that her pastor at church is madly in love with her even though he has told her that he's not.

B. A woman believes that every man she comes into contact with wants to have sexual relations with her.

C. A man is preoccupied with sexual fantasies about a co-worker who has shown no interest in him.

D. A man is concerned about reaching orgasm far too quickly even though his wife repeatedly reassures him that he does not have this problem.

A. A woman is convinced that her pastor at church is madly in love with her even though he has told her that he's not.

The most prescribed treatment for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea is:

Select one:

A. tracheostomy.

B. oral appliances.

C. adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV).

D. continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).

D. continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).

_______________ is the likely DSM-5 diagnosis for a mother when her child's persistent vomiting stops whenever the child is not in the mother's care for several days.

Select one:

A. Malingering

B. Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another

C. Ganser syndrome

D. Folie a deux

B. Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another

Research on characteristics associated with successful smoking cessation suggests that which of the following individuals is most likely to relapse following an attempt to stop smoking cigarettes?

Select one:

A. A 51-year-old married man who started smoking at age 32

B. A 25-year-old single man who started smoking at age 16

C. A 34-year-old married woman who started smoking at age 25

D. A 42-year-old married man who started smoking at age 20

B. A 25-year-old single man who started smoking at age 16

For some adolescents and adults, it may be difficult to distinguish ADHD from Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder due to an overlap in symptoms. ADHD may be difficult to distinguish from OCD because the individual with ADHD:

Select one:

A. may be preoccupied with multiple worries that interfere with his or her ability to concentrate and complete tasks.

B. may attempt to compensate for his or her attention deficits by developing repetitive routines.

C. tends to avoid performance situations that are likely to produce high levels of anxiety.

D. exhibits oppositional behavior and low frustration tolerance, as manifested by excessive irritability or temper outbursts.

B. may attempt to compensate for his or her attention deficits by developing repetitive routines.

The wife of an alcoholic is told she is "co-dependent." This most likely means that she:

Select one:

A. also has a drinking problem.

B. overtly or covertly supports her husband's drinking.

C. is happy only when her husband is not drinking.

D. exaggerates the impact and severity of her husband's problem.

B. overtly or covertly supports her husband's drinking.

The best conclusion about the etiology of Major Depressive Disorder is that:

Select one:

A. genetic factors play a more substantial role than environmental factors, with a dominant gene being the most likely causal agent.

B. genetic factors play a more substantial role than environmental factors, with a recessive gene being the most likely causal agent.

C. genetic factors play a substantial role in only a small number of cases of this disorder.

D. genetic and environmental factors both play a substantial role in the development of this disorder.

D. genetic and environmental factors both play a substantial role in the development of this disorder.

The assessment of patients with Alzheimer's disease is an ongoing process due to its degenerative nature and the consequent need to alter the treatment plan. During the fourth or fifth year of the disease, an assessment is most likely to reveal:

Select one:

A. mild to moderate impairment in remote memory, anomia, irritability, and sadness.

B. impairments in recent and remote memory, delusions, fluent aphasia, and restlessness.

C. severe impairments in intellectual functioning, apathy, confusion, and limb rigidity.

D. severely deteriorated intellectual functioning, incontinence, and seizures.

B. impairments in recent and remote memory, delusions, fluent aphasia, and restlessness.

Recent research has demonstrated that single-session Psychological Debriefing (PD):

Select one:

A. is as effective as, or in some cases more effective than, multiple-session PD for preventing PTSD.

B. is as effective as multiple-session PD for preventing PTSD only when the session is sufficiently long to elicit a cathartic reaction.

C. is effective for preventing PTSD only when it is administered within 24 hours following exposure to the traumatic event.

D. is not effective for preventing PTSD and may actually exacerbate PTSD symptoms.

D. is not effective for preventing PTSD and may actually exacerbate PTSD symptoms.

Studies on effective treatments for Bulimia Nervosa have found that:

Select one:

A. cognitive behavioral therapy alone and treatment with an SSRI alone are about equally effective, but in most cases, combining the two treatments does not improve outcomes.

B. cognitive behavioral therapy alone and treatment with an SSRI alone are about equally effective, and in many cases, combining the two treatments improves outcomes.

C. treatment with an SSRI alone is superior to Cognitive Behavior Therapy alone, but for some patients, combining the two treatments improves outcomes.

D. cognitive behavioral therapy alone is superior to treatment with an SSRI alone, but for some patients, combining the two treatments improves outcomes.

D. cognitive behavioral therapy alone is superior to treatment with an SSRI alone, but for some patients, combining the two treatments improves outcomes.

The mother of a 35-year-old man says that for the past five weeks, he has been acting very uncharacteristically. He seems perplexed and nervous much of the time, his tone of voice varies between flat and shrill, and his speech is sometimes like "word salad." The mother says that sometimes it seems like he is listening to voices or sounds that she cannot hear. Based on this information, the most likely diagnosis is:

Select one:

A. Schizophrenia.

B. Schizoid Personality Disorder.

C. Schizoaffective Disorder.

D. Schizophreniform Disorder.

D. Schizophreniform Disorder.

A DSM-5 diagnosis of Acute Stress Disorder requires a duration of symptoms of:

Select one:

A. two days to four weeks with an onset immediately after exposure to the trauma.

B. three days to one month with an onset within four weeks after exposure to the trauma.

C. two days to two months.

D. three days to one month.

D. three days to one month.

A clinician notices that her client, age 28, experiences frequent periods in which she is very irritable, sensitive, anxious, and self-deprecating. Between these occurrences, however, the client seems to be fairly well-adjusted and even-tempered. When the clinician asks the client about these mood changes, the client says she has always felt very moody the week before her menstrual period. The client's symptoms are most suggestive of which of the following DSM-5 disorders?

Select one:

A. Dysmenorrhea

B. Cyclothymic Disorder

C. Premenstrual Syndrome

D. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

D. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

During your initial session with John B., John says his wife has insisted that he "get some help" with his sleep problems. John's wife, Kaitlyn, states that she is awakened by his frightening screams at least once a week. She indicates that this usually occurs a few hours after they go to sleep and that this has negatively affected her mood and their relationship. John denies a history of trauma or substance abuse, and he says the results of his recent physical are good. Kaitlyn tells you that her husband sometimes wakes up when he screams and seems agitated but usually goes right back to sleep and does not respond to her attempts to calm him. Furthermore, she shares that in the morning, he does not remember the episode, nor does he recall having any dreams. John's symptoms are most suggestive of which of the following DSM-5 diagnoses?

Select one:

A. Nightmare Disorder

B. Sleep Terror Disorder

C. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder

D. Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Arousal Disorder

D. Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Arousal Disorder

Which of the following is not categorized as an Anxiety Disorder in the DSM-5?

Select one:

A. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

B. Separation Anxiety Disorder

C. Panic Disorder

D. Agoraphobia

A. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

A DSM-5 diagnosis of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder requires an onset of symptoms prior to ___ years of age.

Select one:

A. 6

B. 10

C. 16

D. 21

B. 10

A 31-year old male client presents with delusions and auditory hallucinations. His wife says that his symptoms developed soon after the sudden death of his mother nearly three weeks ago. The tentative diagnosis is:

Select one:

A. Schizophrenia.

B. Schizophreniform Disorder.

C. Brief Psychotic Disorder.

D. Schizoaffective Disorder.

C. Brief Psychotic Disorder.

For a DSM-5 diagnosis of Binge-Eating Disorder, an individual must have engaged in binge-eating, on average:

Select one:

A. once a week for at least one month.

B. once a week for at least three months.

C. twice a week for at least one month.

D. twice a week for at least three months.

B. once a week for at least three months.

As defined in the DSM-5, the essential feature of Delirium is:

Select one:

A. impaired ability to transfer information from short- to long-term memory.

B. a disturbance in attention and awareness.

C. a disturbance in psychomotor behavior.

D. disorientation.

B. a disturbance in attention and awareness.

For individuals with a diagnosis of Schizophrenia, the poorest prognosis is associated with which of the following?

Select one:

A. Female gender, younger age at onset, and predominant negative symptoms

B. Female gender, older age at onset, and predominant positive symptoms

C. Male gender, younger age at onset, and predominant negative symptoms

D. Male gender, older age at onset, and predominant positive symptoms

C. Male gender, younger age at onset, and predominant negative symptoms

A 33-year old married woman with one biological child receives a diagnosis of Schizophrenia. Her husband has no symptoms or family history of the disorder. Based on correlational statistics, which of her relatives is most at risk for receiving the same diagnosis?

Select one:

A. A parent

B. A biological sibling

C. An adopted sibling

D. Her current child

D. Her current child

The symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder are:

Select one:

A. usually most severe during the early adult years.

B. usually most severe during middle age.

C. usually most severe during older adulthood.

D. stable in terms of severity over the adult years.

A. usually most severe during the early adult years.

Researchers have linked Major Depressive Disorder to all of the following sleep disturbances except:

Select one:

A. reduced Stage 3 and Stage 4 sleep.

B. increased slow-wave (non-REM) sleep.

C. decreased REM latency.

D. decreased sleep continuity.

B. increased slow-wave (non-REM) sleep.

A psychologist develops a theory of alcohol abuse that describes it as the result of a combination of a genetic predisposition toward alcoholism and exposure to certain environmental factors. The psychologist's theory is an example of the ____________ model.

Select one:

A. psychogenic

B. sociogenic

C. diathesis-stress

D. SORC

C. diathesis-stress

Individuals who receive a diagnosis of which of the following Personality Disorders are most likely to no longer meet all of the diagnostic criteria for the disorder when they reach middle age?

Select one:

A. Schizotypal Personality Disorder

B. Antisocial Personality Disorder

C. Paranoid Personality Disorder

D. Avoidant Personality Disorder

B. Antisocial Personality Disorder

In Alzheimer's disease, neuron loss occurs throughout the brain. However, the greatest loss is in which of the following areas?

Select one:

A. Medial temporal lobe

B. Anterior parietal lobe

C. Medial occipital lobe

D. Posterior frontal lobe

A. Medial temporal lobe

Dyslexia is a reading disorder that involves:

Select one:

A. impaired coding and comprehension and phonics reversal

B. impaired word recognition, decoding, and spelling ability

C. inflammation of the middle ear

D. phonetic distortion with impaired coding and comprehension

B. impaired word recognition, decoding, and spelling ability

For a person diagnosed with Social Anxiety Disorder, panic attacks are:

Select one:

A. the result of interoceptive conditioning

B. cued by specific social situations

C. infrequent and nearly always unexpected

D. indicative of a co-diagnosis of Panic Disorder

B. cued by specific social situations

The National Institute of Mental Health Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD (MTA) compared the effectiveness of four treatments - medication management alone, behavioral treatment alone, combined medication and behavioral treatment, and routine community care. The results of the initial study indicated that:

Select one:

A. behavioral treatment alone is as effective as medication alone

B. medication alone or behavioral treatment alone is as effective as the combined treatment

C. medication alone or the combined treatment is more effective than behavioral treatment alone or routine community care

D. behavioral treatment alone or the combined treatment is more effective than medication alone or routine community care

C. medication alone or the combined treatment is more effective than behavioral treatment alone or routine community care

Which of the following is most true about Conduct Disorder?

Select one:

A. Individuals with childhood-onset type are more likely than those with adolescent-onset type to develop adult Antisocial Personality Disorder.

B. Individuals with adolescent-onset type are more likely than those with child-onset type to develop adult Antisocial Personality Disorder.

C. Most individuals with Conduct Disorder receive a diagnosis of Antisocial Personality Disorder in adulthood, regardless of age of onset.

D. Conduct Disorder is normally associated with Antisocial Personality Disorder only when there is a family history of antisocial behavior.

A. Individuals with childhood-onset type are more likely than those with adolescent-onset type to develop adult Antisocial Personality Disorder.

Studies investigating the genetic contribution to major depression have found that rates of the disorder among first-degree biological relatives:

Select one:

A. are approximately 1 times higher than the rate for the general population

B. are approximately 1 to 2 times lower than the rate for the general population

C. are approximately 1.5 to 3 times higher than the rate for the general population

D. are about the same as the rate for the general population

C. are approximately 1.5 to 3 times higher than the rate for the general population

A client with Borderline Personality Disorder is most likely to respond to her therapist in which of the following ways?

Select one:

A. With hostility and suspiciousness about the therapist's intentions

B. In an inappropriately sexually provocative manner

C. In a manner that fluctuates between argumentativeness/hostility and excessive admiration

D. In a consistently demanding manner and with hypersensitivity to criticism

C. In a manner that fluctuates between argumentativeness/hostility and excessive admiration

Most people who are diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder:

Select one:

A. feel that they have at least some control over their anxiety

B. have comorbid mental disorders, especially depression and other anxiety disorders

C. do not have comorbid mental health diagnoses

D. are prescribed psychotropic medication for insomnia

B. have comorbid mental disorders, especially depression and other anxiety disorders